Penner John C, Durning Steven J, Rencic Joseph J, Donato Anthony A, Cleland Jennifer A
Acad Med. 2025 Mar 1;100(3):281-287. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000005941. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
Effective mentoring can help individuals navigate the complex, dynamic environment of academic medicine as they work to develop meaningful and fulfilling careers. Despite robust research into the characteristics of effective mentoring relationships and successful mentoring programs, resources that support mentors and mentees in engaging in career development in academic medicine are limited. Ecological psychology, a theory focusing on how the dynamic interplay between individuals and their environment influences cognition and behavior, offers a promising framework for exploring how mentors and mentees can support positive career development outcomes. In this article, the authors introduce selected principles derived from ecological psychology and supplement these principles with practical, hypothetical examples that demonstrate the use of ecological psychology across the continuum of career development (e.g., from early to middle to late career decisions). By focusing on interactions between individuals and their environment, ecological psychology offers a valuable and practical complement to other theories and frameworks that address career development, such as social cognitive career theory and landscapes of practice. By centering on the dynamic interactions between individuals and their professional environments, ecological psychology offers mentors, mentees, and academic medical centers a practical structure for navigating the intricacies and challenges of career development in academic medicine.
有效的指导可以帮助个人在努力发展有意义且充实的职业过程中，应对学术医学复杂多变的环境。尽管对有效指导关系的特征和成功的指导项目进行了大量研究，但支持导师和学员在学术医学领域开展职业发展的资源却很有限。生态心理学是一种关注个体与其环境之间的动态相互作用如何影响认知和行为的理论，它为探索导师和学员如何支持积极的职业发展成果提供了一个有前景的框架。在本文中，作者介绍了从生态心理学中提炼出的特定原则，并用实际的假设示例对这些原则进行补充，这些示例展示了生态心理学在职业发展连续过程（如从早期到中期再到后期的职业决策）中的应用。通过关注个体与其环境之间的相互作用，生态心理学为其他涉及职业发展的理论和框架（如社会认知职业理论和实践领域）提供了有价值且实用的补充。通过以个体与其专业环境之间的动态互动为核心，生态心理学为导师、学员和学术医疗中心提供了一个实用的架构，以应对学术医学职业发展中的复杂性和挑战。
