Linden-Carmichael Ashley, Stull Samuel W, Wang Danny, Bhandari Sandesh, Lanza Stephanie T
The Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
JMIR Form Res. 2024 Dec 5;8:e60193. doi: 10.2196/60193.
The landscape of substance use behavior among young adults has observed rapid changes over time. Intensive longitudinal designs are ideal for examining and intervening in substance use behavior in real time but rely on high participant compliance in the study protocol, representing a significant challenge for researchers.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of including a personalized data dashboard (DD) in a text-based survey prompt on study compliance outcomes among college students participating in a 21-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study.
Participants (N=91; 61/91, 67% female and 84/91, 92% White) were college students who engaged in recent alcohol and cannabis use. Participants were randomized to either complete a 21-day EMA protocol with 4 prompts/d (EMA Group) or complete the same EMA protocol with 1 personalized message and a DD indicating multiple metrics of progress in the study, delivered at 1 randomly selected prompt/d (EMA+DD Group) via a microrandomized design. Study compliance, completion time, self-reported protocol experiences, and qualitative responses were assessed for both groups.
Levels of compliance were similar across groups. Participants in the EMA+DD Group had overall faster completion times, with significant week-level differences in weeks 2 and 3 of the study (P=.047 and P=.03, respectively). Although nonsignificant, small-to-medium effect sizes were observed when comparing the groups in terms of compensation level (P=.08; Cohen w=0.19) and perceived burden (P=.09; Cohen d=-0.36). Qualitative findings revealed that EMA+DD participants perceived that seeing their progress facilitated engagement. Within the EMA+DD Group, providing a DD at the moment level did not significantly impact participants' likelihood of completing the EMA or completion time at that particular prompt (all P>.05), with the exception of the first prompt of the day (P=.01 and P<.001).
Providing a DD may be useful to increase engagement, particularly for researchers aiming to assess health behaviors shortly after a survey prompt is deployed to participants' mobile devices.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/57664.
随着时间的推移，年轻成年人的物质使用行为格局发生了迅速变化。密集纵向设计非常适合实时检查和干预物质使用行为，但依赖于研究方案中高参与者依从性，这对研究人员来说是一项重大挑战。
本研究旨在评估在基于文本的调查提示中纳入个性化数据仪表盘（DD）对参与为期21天生态瞬时评估（EMA）研究的大学生研究依从性结果的影响。
参与者（N = 91；61/91，67%为女性，84/91，92%为白人）是近期有饮酒和吸食大麻行为的大学生。参与者被随机分为两组，一组完成每天有4条提示的21天EMA方案（EMA组），另一组通过微随机设计，在每天随机选择的1条提示中完成相同的EMA方案，并附带1条个性化信息和一个显示研究中多项进展指标的DD（EMA + DD组）。对两组的研究依从性、完成时间、自我报告的方案体验和定性回答进行评估。
两组的依从性水平相似。EMA + DD组的参与者总体完成时间更快，在研究的第2周和第3周有显著的周水平差异（分别为P = 0.047和P = 0.03）。虽然不显著，但在比较两组的补偿水平（P = 0.08；Cohen w = 0.19）和感知负担（P = 0.09；Cohen d = -0.36）时观察到小到中等的效应量。定性结果显示，EMA + DD组的参与者认为看到自己的进展有助于参与。在EMA + DD组中，在即时层面提供DD并没有显著影响参与者完成EMA的可能性或在该特定提示下的完成时间（所有P>0.05），但当天的第一条提示除外（P = 0.01和P<0.001）。
提供DD可能有助于提高参与度，特别是对于那些旨在在向参与者的移动设备部署调查提示后不久评估健康行为的研究人员。
国际注册报告识别号（IRRID）：RR2 - 10.2196/57664。
