Benga Laurentiu, Rehm Anna, Gougoula Christina, Westhoff Philipp, Wachtmeister Thorsten, Benten W Peter M, Engelhardt Eva, Weber Andreas P M, Köhrer Karl, Sager Martin, Janssen Stefan
Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Microbiome. 2024 Dec 5;12(1):256. doi: 10.1186/s40168-024-01954-2.
The microbiome greatly affects health and wellbeing. Evolutionarily, it is doubtful that a host would rely on chance alone to pass on microbial colonization to its offspring. However, the literature currently offers only limited evidence regarding two alternative hypotheses: active microbial shaping by host genetic factors or transmission of a microbial maternal legacy.
To further dissect the influence of host genetics and maternal inheritance, we collected two-cell stage embryos from two representative wild types, C57BL6/J and BALB/c, and transferred a mixture of both genotype embryos into hybrid recipient mice to be inoculated by an identical microbiome at birth.
Observing the offspring for six generations unequivocally emphasizes the impact of host genetic factors over maternal legacy in constant environments, akin to murine laboratory experiments. Interestingly, maternal legacy solely controlled the microbiome in the first offspring generation. However, current evidence supporting maternal legacy has not extended beyond this initial generation, resolving the aforementioned debate. Video Abstract.
微生物组对健康和幸福有着重大影响。从进化角度来看，宿主仅依靠随机方式将微生物定植传递给后代是令人怀疑的。然而，目前的文献仅提供了关于两种替代假说的有限证据：宿主遗传因素对微生物的主动塑造或微生物母系遗传。
为了进一步剖析宿主遗传学和母系遗传的影响，我们从两种代表性野生型C57BL6/J和BALB/c中收集了二细胞期胚胎，并将两种基因型胚胎的混合物转移到杂交受体小鼠中，使其在出生时接种相同的微生物组。
对后代进行六代观察明确强调了在恒定环境中宿主遗传因素对母系遗传的影响，这类似于小鼠实验室实验。有趣的是，母系遗传在第一代后代中单独控制着微生物组。然而，目前支持母系遗传的证据尚未超出这第一代，从而解决了上述争论。视频摘要。
