Megersa Shasho, Tolessa Amsalu
Ethiopian Forestry Development (EFD), Head Office, Forest Products Utilization Research Directorate, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ethiopian Forestry Development (EFD), Forest Products Innovation Center of Excellence (FPICE), P.O.Box 2322, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 9;10(20):e39113. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39113. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
This study assessed the performance of and mushrooms on a variety of substrate combinations. Water hyacinth, rice husk, and cow dung were employed as substrates. Mushroom growth performance, yield, proximate composition, and mineral content were among the variables evaluated. The results indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) in spawn run duration, first harvest duration, total yield, and biological efficiency among the substrate combinations for the mushroom species. The substrate combination of 80% water hyacinth and 20% cow dung consistently exceeded the performances of others, demonstrating higher total yield (863.00 and 799.81 g/bag) and biological efficiency (88.51% and 82.03%) for and mushrooms, respectively. Proximate analysis results also demonstrated that this substrate combination produced mushrooms with higher protein (14.72 and 12.04%) and carbohydrate (55.11 and 58.05%) contents for and , respectively. P, K, Mg, Na, Ca, Fe, Zn, and Cd levels in samples ranged from 1700 to 2700, 28100 to 39500, 1600 to 7800, 291.55 to 400.23, 310.37 to 372.70, 26.42 to 45.47, 61.87 to 70.40, and 1.13-1.25 mg/kg on average, respectively. The levels for P, K, Mg, Na, Ca, Fe, Zn, and Cd ranged from 19700 to 22700, 22500 to 25000, 2100 to 2500, 250.96 to 300.90, 284.66 to 296.19, 24.04 to 29.49, 74.03 to 83.98, and 1.31-1.45 mg/kg for samples. The evaluated mushrooms grown on the various substrate combinations contain higher major and minor minerals needed in the human diet than toxic elements. This indicated that the evaluated edible mushrooms had high important mineral levels and could be considered a good source of vital elements. They are also very good at balancing nutrient supply scarcity, which is common in developing countries like Ethiopia. However, according to the World Health Organization's permissible limits for human intake, adequate attention and control of daily dietary intake is necessary for specific elements.
本研究评估了[具体蘑菇种类1]和[具体蘑菇种类2]在多种基质组合上的表现。凤眼蓝、稻壳和牛粪被用作基质。评估的变量包括蘑菇生长性能、产量、近似成分和矿物质含量。结果表明，对于这两种蘑菇种类，不同基质组合在发菌期持续时间、首次采收期持续时间、总产量和生物学效率方面存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。80%凤眼蓝和20%牛粪的基质组合始终优于其他组合，分别为[具体蘑菇种类1]和[具体蘑菇种类2]显示出更高的总产量（863.00和799.81克/袋）和生物学效率（88.51%和82.03%）。近似分析结果还表明，这种基质组合分别为[具体蘑菇种类1]和[具体蘑菇种类2]产出了蛋白质含量更高（14.72%和12.04%）以及碳水化合物含量更高（55.11%和58.05%）的蘑菇。[具体蘑菇种类1]样本中磷、钾、镁、钠、钙、铁、锌和镉的含量平均分别为1700至2700、28100至39500、1600至7800、291.55至400.23、310.37至372.70、26.42至45.47、61.87至70.40以及1.13 - 1.25毫克/千克。[具体蘑菇种类2]样本中磷、钾、镁、钠、钙、铁、锌和镉的含量分别为19700至22700、22500至25000、2100至2500、250.96至300.90、284.66至296.19、24.04至29.49、74.03至83.98以及1.31 - 1.45毫克/千克。在各种基质组合上生长的经评估蘑菇所含人体饮食所需的常量和微量矿物质高于有毒元素。这表明经评估的可食用蘑菇具有较高的重要矿物质含量，可被视为重要元素的良好来源。它们在平衡营养供应短缺方面也非常出色，而营养供应短缺在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家很常见。然而，根据世界卫生组织对人体摄入量的允许限值，对于特定元素，有必要充分关注并控制每日饮食摄入量。
