Khan Tauseef Ahmed, Tripathi Geeta Mishra, Mishra Ambrish, Sharma Divashree, Dwivedi Anamika
Department of Dentistry, Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Satna, India.
Dent Traumatol. 2025 Jun;41(3):305-313. doi: 10.1111/edt.13024. Epub 2024 Dec 6.
Maxillofacial injuries are usually associated with ophthalmic injuries that may be mild to severe, and may even result in loss of integrity of the orbital skeleton and impairment of the visual apparatus.
To evaluate the pattern of ophthalmic injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in patients who reported to a tertiary care hospital, associated with a medical college in M.P, India.
The records of patients who sustained ophthalmic injuries with maxillofacial trauma from 1st January 2012 to 31st January 2024 and reported to the Department of Dentistry of a tertiary care hospital were evaluated. The data related to demographic characteristics, aetiology of trauma, type of maxillofacial fractures and pattern of ophthalmic injuries were gathered and analysed.
A total of 1575 patients with maxillofacial trauma reported to the institute during the study duration. The study sample comprised 1046 (66.41%) maxillofacial trauma patients who sustained ophthalmic injuries. Males were more commonly involved (85.85%) than females (14.15%). The commonly involved age group was 21-30 years with 34.32% of patients belonging to the age group. The most common aetiology was road traffic accidents, reported in 71.89% of patients. Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures were evident in 73.52%, mandibular fractures in 50.19%, naso-orbito-ethmoidal (NOE) fractures in 19.41% and frontal bone fractures in 18.74% patients. Subconjunctival haemorrhage was seen in 79.83%, periorbital ecchymosis in 72.94% and periorbital oedema in 60.32% of cases. Retrobulbar haemorrhage was seen in 2.58%, traumatic optic neuropathy in 2.01% and retinal detachment in 0.86% of cases.
Ophthalmic injuries were seen frequently in 66.41% of cases with maxillofacial trauma, particularly in zygomatic complex fractures (73.52%). The findings emphasise that the competency of maxillofacial surgeons plays a vital role in comprehending the severity and management of post-traumatic ophthalmic consequences in maxillofacial injuries. Also, ophthalmological evaluation in maxillofacial trauma, particularly involving the midface should be considered mandatory.
颌面部损伤通常伴有眼部损伤，损伤程度可轻可重，甚至可能导致眼眶骨骼完整性丧失和视觉器官受损。
评估前往印度中央邦一所医学院附属三级医院就诊的患者中，与颌面部骨折相关的眼部损伤模式。
对2012年1月1日至2024年1月31日期间因颌面部外伤而眼部受伤并前往一家三级医院牙科就诊的患者记录进行评估。收集并分析了与人口统计学特征、创伤病因、颌面部骨折类型和眼部损伤模式相关的数据。
在研究期间，共有1575例颌面部外伤患者到该机构就诊。研究样本包括1046例（66.41%）伴有眼部损伤的颌面部外伤患者。男性受累更为常见（85.85%），女性为（14.15%）。最常受累的年龄组为21 - 30岁，占患者总数的34.32%。最常见的病因是道路交通事故，71.89%的患者报告为此原因。73.52%的患者存在颧上颌复合体（ZMC）骨折，50.19%的患者存在下颌骨骨折，19.41%的患者存在鼻眶筛（NOE）骨折，18.74%的患者存在额骨骨折。79.83%的病例出现结膜下出血，72.94%的病例出现眶周瘀斑，60.32%的病例出现眶周水肿。2.58%的病例出现球后出血，2.01%的病例出现外伤性视神经病变，0.86%的病例出现视网膜脱离。
66.41%的颌面部外伤病例中经常出现眼部损伤，特别是在颧骨复合体骨折中（73.52%）。研究结果强调，颌面部外科医生的能力在理解颌面部损伤后创伤性眼部后果的严重程度和处理方面起着至关重要的作用。此外，对于颌面部外伤，尤其是涉及面中部区域的外伤，应强制进行眼科评估。
