Sharma Parth, Rao Shirish, Krishna Kumar Padmavathy, R Nair Aiswarya, Agrawal Disha, Zadey Siddhesh, Surendran Gayathri, George Joseph Rachna, Dayma Girish, Rafeekh Liya, Saha Shubhashis, Sharma Sitanshi, Prakash S S, Sankarapandian Venkatesan, John Preethi, Patel Vikram
Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India.
PLOS Digit Health. 2024 Dec 6;3(12):e0000398. doi: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000398. eCollection 2024 Dec.
It is widely assumed that telehealth tools like mHealth (mobile health), telemedicine, and tele-education can supplement the efficiency of Healthcare Providers (HCPs). We conducted a systematic review of evidence on the barriers and facilitators associated with the use of telehealth by HCPs in India. A systematic literature search following a pre-registered protocol (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KQ3U9 [PROTOCOL DOI]) was conducted on PubMed. The search strategy, inclusion, and exclusion criteria were based on the World Health Organization's action framework on Human Resources for Health (HRH) and Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in India with a specific focus on telehealth tools. Eligible articles published in English from 1st January 2001 to 17th February 2022 were included. One hundred and six studies were included in the review. Of these, 53 studies (50%) involved mHealth interventions, 25 (23.6%) involved telemedicine interventions whereas the remaining 28 (26.4%) involved the use of tele-education interventions by HCPs in India. In each category, most of the studies followed a quantitative study design and were mostly published in the last 5 years. The study sites were more commonly present in states in south India. The facilitators and barriers related to each type of intervention were analyzed under the following sub-headings- 1) Human resource related, 2) Application related 3) Technical, and 4) Others. The interventions were most commonly used for improving the management of mental health, non-communicable diseases, and maternal and child health. The use of telehealth has not been uniformly studied in India. The facilitators and barriers to telehealth use need to be kept in mind while designing the intervention. Future studies should focus on looking at region-specific, intervention-specific, and health cadre-specific barriers and facilitators for the use of telehealth.
人们普遍认为，移动健康（mHealth）、远程医疗和远程教育等远程医疗工具可以提高医疗服务提供者（HCPs）的效率。我们对印度医疗服务提供者使用远程医疗的相关障碍和促进因素的证据进行了系统综述。按照预先注册的方案（https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KQ3U9 [方案DOI]）在PubMed上进行了系统的文献检索。检索策略、纳入和排除标准基于世界卫生组织关于印度卫生人力资源（HRH）和全民健康覆盖（UHC）的行动框架，特别关注远程医疗工具。纳入了2001年1月1日至2022年2月17日以英文发表的符合条件的文章。该综述纳入了106项研究。其中，53项研究（50%）涉及移动健康干预，25项（23.6%）涉及远程医疗干预，其余28项（26.4%）涉及印度医疗服务提供者使用远程教育干预。在每个类别中，大多数研究采用定量研究设计，且大多在过去5年发表。研究地点在印度南部各邦更为常见。与每种干预类型相关的促进因素和障碍在以下子标题下进行了分析：1）人力资源相关；2）应用相关；3）技术相关；4）其他相关。这些干预措施最常用于改善心理健康、非传染性疾病以及母婴健康的管理。印度对远程医疗的使用研究并不统一。在设计干预措施时，需要牢记远程医疗使用的促进因素和障碍。未来的研究应侧重于研究特定地区、特定干预措施和特定卫生人员群体使用远程医疗的障碍和促进因素。
