Clayborne Zahra M, Wong Suzy L, Roberts Karen C, Prince Stephanie A, Gariépy Geneviève, Goldfield Gary S, Janssen Ian, Lang Justin J
Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Centre for Health Promotion, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
J Psychiatr Res. 2025 Jan;181:333-339. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.071. Epub 2024 Nov 28.
Social media use (SMU) has rapidly increased among children and adolescents in the past decade, and has been linked with poorer mental health. However, moderate SMU can facilitate connectedness among peers, which may have positive impacts for well-being - these associations are underexplored. This study examined the associations between SMU and several indicators of PMH in a nationally representative sample of 13,113 adolescents in grades 6 to 10 from the 2017/2018 cycle of the Canadian Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. SMU was measured using a four-level composite of intensity (non-active, active, intense) and problematic SMU (addictive-like symptoms, regardless of intensity). Four dichotomous indicators of PMH were examined: self-efficacy, self-confidence, life satisfaction, and psychological well-being. Covariates included grade, gender, cultural/racial background, and socioeconomic status. Unadjusted and adjusted mixed effects logistic regression models accounting for school-level clustering were run, with separate models for each PMH indicator and active SMU set as the referent. When compared to active SMU, problematic SMU was associated with lower levels of all PMH indicators, and intense SMU was associated with lower life satisfaction. In gender-stratified models, intense SMU was associated with lower life satisfaction among girls. In grade-stratified models, non-active SMU was associated with lower self-confidence for adolescents in grades 9 and 10. In all, problematic SMU is generally associated with lower odds of reporting high PMH. Longitudinal research is required to ascertain directionality of these findings, and to examine how these associations may have changed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
在过去十年中，儿童和青少年使用社交媒体（SMU）的情况迅速增加，并且与较差的心理健康状况有关。然而，适度使用社交媒体可以促进同龄人之间的联系，这可能对幸福感产生积极影响——这些关联尚未得到充分研究。本研究在加拿大2017/2018学年学龄儿童健康行为（HBSC）研究中，对13113名6至10年级青少年的全国代表性样本进行了调查，以研究社交媒体使用与心理健康的几个指标之间的关联。社交媒体使用情况通过强度（非活跃、活跃、高强度）和有问题的社交媒体使用（类似成瘾症状，无论强度如何）的四级综合指标来衡量。研究考察了心理健康的四个二分指标：自我效能感、自信心、生活满意度和心理健康状况。协变量包括年级、性别、文化/种族背景和社会经济地位。运行了考虑学校层面聚类的未调整和调整后的混合效应逻辑回归模型，每个心理健康指标分别建立模型，并将活跃的社交媒体使用作为参照。与活跃的社交媒体使用相比，有问题的社交媒体使用与所有心理健康指标水平较低相关，而高强度的社交媒体使用与较低的生活满意度相关。在按性别分层的模型中，高强度的社交媒体使用与女孩较低的生活满意度相关。在按年级分层的模型中，非活跃的社交媒体使用与9年级和10年级青少年较低的自信心相关。总体而言，有问题的社交媒体使用通常与报告高心理健康水平的几率较低相关。需要进行纵向研究以确定这些发现的方向性，并研究由于新冠疫情这些关联可能发生了怎样的变化。
