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衰老的特征:给比较生物学家的用户指南

Hallmarks of aging: A user's guide for comparative biologists.

作者信息

Biga Peggy R, Duan Jingyue E, Young Tristan E, Marks Jamie R, Bronikowski Anne, Decena Louis P, Randolph Eric C, Pavuluri Ananya G, Li Guangsheng, Fang Yifei, Wilkinson Gerald S, Singh Gunjan, Nigrin Nathan T, Larschan Erica N, Lonski Andrew J, Riddle Nicole C

机构信息

Department of Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.

出版信息

Ageing Res Rev. 2025 Feb;104:102616. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102616. Epub 2024 Dec 4.

Abstract

Since the first description of a set of characteristics of aging as so-called hallmarks or pillars in 2013/2014, these characteristics have served as guideposts for the research in aging biology. They have been examined in a range of contexts, across tissues, in response to disease conditions or environmental factors, and served as a benchmark for various anti-aging interventions. While the hallmarks of aging were intended to capture generalizable characteristics of aging, they are derived mostly from studies of rodents and humans. Comparative studies of aging including species from across the animal tree of life have great promise to reveal new insights into the mechanistic foundations of aging, as there is a great diversity in lifespan and age-associated physiological changes. However, it is unclear how well the defined hallmarks of aging apply across diverse species. Here, we review each of the twelve hallmarks of aging defined by Lopez-Otin in 2023 with respect to the availability of data from diverse species. We evaluate the current methods used to assess these hallmarks for their potential to be adapted for comparative studies. Not unexpectedly, we find that the data supporting the described hallmarks of aging are restricted mostly to humans and a few model systems and that no data are available for many animal clades. Similarly, not all hallmarks can be easily assessed in diverse species. However, for at least half of the hallmarks, there are methods available today that can be employed to fill this gap in knowledge, suggesting that these studies can be prioritized while methods are developed for comparative study of the remaining hallmarks.

摘要

自2013年/2014年首次将一组衰老特征描述为所谓的标志或支柱以来,这些特征一直是衰老生物学研究的路标。它们已在一系列背景下、跨组织、针对疾病状况或环境因素进行了研究,并作为各种抗衰老干预措施的基准。虽然衰老标志旨在捕捉衰老的普遍特征,但它们大多来自啮齿动物和人类的研究。包括来自动物生命树各物种的衰老比较研究,很有希望揭示衰老机制基础的新见解,因为寿命和与年龄相关的生理变化存在很大差异。然而,目前尚不清楚所定义的衰老标志在不同物种中的适用程度如何。在这里,我们根据来自不同物种的数据可用性,回顾了洛佩斯 - 奥廷在2023年定义的十二个衰老标志中的每一个。我们评估了目前用于评估这些标志的方法,看它们是否有可能适用于比较研究。不出所料,我们发现支持所描述的衰老标志的数据大多限于人类和少数模型系统,许多动物类群没有可用数据。同样,并非所有标志都能在不同物种中轻松评估。然而,对于至少一半的标志,目前有可用的方法可以用来填补这一知识空白,这表明在为其余标志的比较研究开发方法时,可以优先考虑这些研究。

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