Langdon Jonathan, Sharbidre Kedar, Garner Matthew S, Robbin Michelle, Scoutt Leslie M
Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Abdom Radiol (NY). 2025 Jun;50(6):2558-2585. doi: 10.1007/s00261-024-04731-9. Epub 2024 Dec 6.
Renal transplantation is the most commonly performed solid organ transplant procedure. Monitoring renal transplants with ultrasound is a critical component in the management of transplant patients both in the immediate aftermath of surgery and longitudinally. Many complications are detectable via ultrasound evaluation with relative prevalence dependent on the time since surgery. It is critical for the practicing radiologist to recognize these complications to help guide appropriate treatment. Fundamental understanding of the procedure, including various surgical techniques is of great importance. In this article, the sonographic findings of the most common postoperative and long-term complications of renal transplantation are reviewed. As complications are highly related to surgical technique, the most common surgical techniques are presented first. Comprehensive ultrasound evaluation of the allograft is discussed next, followed by extensive review of the ultrasound findings of common complications. Finally, select recent advances in ultrasound are presented with their current and potential applications to renal transplant evaluation.
肾移植是最常施行的实体器官移植手术。在肾移植术后即刻及长期对移植患者进行管理时，超声监测是关键组成部分。许多并发症可通过超声评估检测出来，其相对发生率取决于术后时间。对于执业放射科医生而言，识别这些并发症以指导恰当治疗至关重要。对包括各种手术技术在内的该手术有基本的了解非常重要。本文回顾了肾移植术后最常见的近期及长期并发症的超声表现。由于并发症与手术技术高度相关，首先介绍最常见的手术技术。接下来讨论对移植肾的全面超声评估，随后广泛回顾常见并发症的超声表现。最后，介绍超声领域的一些最新进展及其在肾移植评估中的当前及潜在应用。
