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在波兰维斯瓦河流域秋季迁徙鸟类身上采集的蓖麻硬蜱幼蜱中发现的多种蜱传病原体

Wide spectrum of tick-borne pathogens in juvenile Ixodes ricinus collected from autumn-migrating birds in the Vistula River Valley, Poland.

作者信息

Kulisz Joanna, Zając Zbigniew, Foucault-Simonin Angelique, Woźniak Aneta, Filipiuk Maciej, Kloskowski Janusz, Rudolf Robert, Corduneanu Alexandra, Bartosik Katarzyna, Moutailler Sara, Cabezas-Cruz Alejandro

机构信息

Department of Biology and Parasitology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, Lublin, 20-080, Poland.

Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Maisons-Alfort, 94700, France.

出版信息

BMC Vet Res. 2024 Dec 6;20(1):556. doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-04415-y.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Migratory birds serve as potential hosts for ticks and can be reservoirs of tick-borne pathogens (TBPs). The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of TBPs in juvenile Ixodes ricinus collected from Erithacus rubecula, Turdus merula, and Turdus philomelos passing through the Vistula River Valley, Poland - one of the most important European north-south routes for migratory birds.

METHODS

To detect TBPs in collected ticks we used a high-throughput microfluidic real-time PCR method. In addition, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of Borreliella garinii flaB and Rickettsia helvetica ompB sequences, considering haplotype diversity through a Median Joining Network.

RESULTS

Our results showed a high prevalence and wide spectrum of TBPs in both larvae and nymphs of I. ricinus. Overall, including co-infections, 47.41% of the tested tick specimens were infected with at least one TBP. Borreliaceae spirochetes were detected in ticks collected from all examined bird species. Ticks (larvae and nymphs) collected from T. merula showed the highest prevalence of Bo. garinii (33.33%), Bo. burgdorferi s.s. (7.69%) and Borrelia miyamotoi (2.56%), while the highest number of ticks infected with Bo. valaisiana were collected from T. philomelos (8.11%). In turn, the highest prevalence of R. helvetica (20.00%) was observed in ticks collected from E. rubecula. Additionally, infections with A. phagocytophilum (5.00%), Ehrlichia spp. (2.50%), Ba. divergens (2.50%) and Ba. venatorum (2.50%) were only confirmed in ticks collected from this bird species. The phylogenetic analysis of Bo. garinii revealed that the detected haplotype circulates widely across various hosts and is geographically widespread, while the haplotype of R. helvetica is mainly detected in ticks in Central Europe.

CONCLUSIONS

Ticks carried by T. merula, T. philomelos, and E. rubecula migrating along the Vistula River Valley, Poland are characterized by a high prevalence and a wide spectrum of detected TBPs. Tested ticks carry widespread strains of Bo. garinii, in contrast to R. helvetica, which is mainly found in Central Europe. Therefore, further research on the possible role of birds as reservoirs of TBPs is needed.

摘要

背景

候鸟是蜱虫的潜在宿主,可能成为蜱传病原体(TBP)的储存宿主。我们研究的目的是调查在波兰维斯瓦河谷迁徙的欧亚鸲、乌鸫和歌鸫身上采集的蓖麻硬蜱幼蜱中TBP的流行情况,该河谷是欧洲最重要的候鸟南北迁徙路线之一。

方法

为检测采集到的蜱虫中的TBP,我们使用了一种高通量微流控实时PCR方法。此外,我们对莱姆病疏螺旋体flaB和瑞士立克次氏体ompB序列进行了系统发育分析,并通过中介连接网络考虑单倍型多样性。

结果

我们的结果显示,蓖麻硬蜱的幼虫和若虫中TBP的流行率很高且种类繁多。总体而言,包括合并感染在内,47.41%的受试蜱虫标本感染了至少一种TBP。在从所有检查的鸟类物种身上采集的蜱虫中均检测到疏螺旋体属螺旋体。从乌鸫身上采集的蜱虫(幼虫和若虫)中,莱姆病疏螺旋体的流行率最高(33.33%),狭义伯氏疏螺旋体(7.69%)和伯氏疏螺旋体(2.56%)次之,而感染瓦莱斯疏螺旋体数量最多的蜱虫是从歌鸫身上采集的(8.11%)。相应地,在从欧亚鸲身上采集的蜱虫中观察到瑞士立克次氏体的最高流行率(20.00%)。此外,仅在从该鸟类物种身上采集的蜱虫中确认了嗜吞噬细胞无形体(5.00%)、埃立克体属(2.50%)、分歧巴贝斯虫(2.50%)和伯氏巴贝斯虫(2.50%)的感染。莱姆病疏螺旋体的系统发育分析表明,检测到的单倍型在各种宿主中广泛传播且在地理上分布广泛,而瑞士立克次氏体的单倍型主要在中欧的蜱虫中检测到。

结论

沿着波兰维斯瓦河谷迁徙的乌鸫、歌鸫和欧亚鸲携带的蜱虫具有TBP流行率高且种类繁多的特点。受试蜱虫携带广泛分布的莱姆病疏螺旋体菌株,与主要在中欧发现的瑞士立克次氏体不同。因此,需要进一步研究鸟类作为TBP储存宿主的可能作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/af70/11622654/39bd3a467d37/12917_2024_4415_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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