Okuyama T, Hashi K, Okada T, Sasaki S
No To Shinkei. 1986 Jan;38(1):69-74.
Experimental hydrocephalus was induced by an intracisternal injection of 4% or 40% kaolin suspension in 2 days old Wistar rats. They were examined histologically and microangiographically 2 weeks after the injection of kaolin. Hydrocephalic rats were classified into 2 groups, severe hydrocephalic group A and mild hydrocephalic group B. In group A, a marked enlargement of the entire ventricular system with a thinning of the cerebral mantle was observed. On the other hand, the dilatation of the fourth ventricle was more pronounced compared with the other ventricles in group B. In group A, a spongy appearance of brain tissue was observed in the periventricular white matter accompanied with an intracerebral cavity. In these edematous areas, the lack of carbon black perfusion was apparent indicating an occurrence of microcirculatory disturbances. These microcirculatory disturbances and mechanical compression to the cerebral parenchyma may produce defective brain tissue (intracerebral cavity formation). The ependymal cell walls and subependymal glial cell layers were well preserved in spite of the damaged periventricular white matter. In group A, kaolin was present in the fourth ventricle and Sylvian aqueduct. Subependymal gliosis containing macrophages and newly produced blood vessels were observed in the region between the periventricular brain tissue and kaolin granules. These findings indicate that kaolin may produce changes in the ependymal cell and cerebral parenchyma as well as fibrosis and meningitis in the subarachnoid space.
通过向2日龄Wistar大鼠脑池内注射4%或40%高岭土悬浮液诱导实验性脑积水。在注射高岭土2周后，对它们进行组织学和微血管造影检查。脑积水大鼠分为两组，严重脑积水A组和轻度脑积水B组。在A组中，观察到整个脑室系统明显扩大，脑皮质变薄。另一方面，B组中第四脑室的扩张比其他脑室更明显。在A组中，脑室周围白质出现海绵状外观，并伴有脑内空洞。在这些水肿区域，明显缺乏炭黑灌注，表明发生了微循环障碍。这些微循环障碍和对脑实质的机械压迫可能导致脑组织缺陷（脑内空洞形成）。尽管脑室周围白质受损，但室管膜细胞壁和室管膜下胶质细胞层保存完好。在A组中，高岭土存在于第四脑室和大脑导水管。在脑室周围脑组织和高岭土颗粒之间的区域观察到含有巨噬细胞和新生血管的室管膜下胶质增生。这些发现表明，高岭土可能导致室管膜细胞和脑实质发生变化，以及蛛网膜下腔的纤维化和脑膜炎。
