Green Lindsey M, Thompson Stephanie F, Shimomaeda Lisa, Katz Lynn Fainsilber, Lengua Liliana J
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Dev Psychobiol. 2025 Jan;67(1):e70011. doi: 10.1002/dev.70011.
The development of emotion regulation is integral to children's socioemotional adjustment. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reflects parasympathetic regulation of cardiac arousal and is thought to be an indicator of emotion regulation. However, it is unclear how RSA is associated with positive maternal behaviors and infant emotional recovery in real time over the course of a recovery period following a social stressor. Mothers and their 5- to 6-month-old infants (N = 143) completed the Still Face paradigm. Using a series of autoregressive latent trajectory models, the current study aimed to elucidate the associations among observed maternal warmth, infant RSA, and observed infant negative affect across a 5-min observation. The hypotheses were that trajectories of maternal warmth would predict trajectories of infant RSA and negative affect, and that trajectories of RSA would be associated with the infants' observed negative affect. Change in maternal warmth was associated with infant negative affect and RSA at the end of the reunion and change in RSA was associated with ultimate levels of negative affect. The results provide partial support for our hypothesis that maternal warmth supports infant physiological, and in turn, emotional recovery.
情绪调节的发展是儿童社会情绪适应不可或缺的一部分。呼吸性窦性心律不齐（RSA）反映了心脏觉醒的副交感神经调节，被认为是情绪调节的一个指标。然而，目前尚不清楚在社会应激源后的恢复期内，RSA如何实时与积极的母亲行为和婴儿情绪恢复相关联。母亲及其5至6个月大的婴儿（N = 143）完成了静脸范式。本研究使用一系列自回归潜在轨迹模型，旨在阐明在5分钟的观察期内，观察到的母亲温暖程度、婴儿RSA和观察到的婴儿负面情绪之间的关联。研究假设为，母亲温暖程度的轨迹将预测婴儿RSA和负面情绪的轨迹，且RSA的轨迹将与观察到的婴儿负面情绪相关联。团聚结束时，母亲温暖程度的变化与婴儿负面情绪和RSA相关，而RSA的变化与负面情绪的最终水平相关。研究结果部分支持了我们的假设，即母亲的温暖有助于婴儿的生理恢复，进而促进情绪恢复。
