Feldstein B D, Gallery M E, Sanner P H, Page J R
Ann Emerg Med. 1985 Jan;14(1):36-40. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(85)80733-2.
Disaster strikes more frequently and with greater impact than ever before, and the demand for improved community disaster preparedness rises. The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP), in collaboration with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), has responded by developing a 16-hour course that prepares emergency physicians and other emergency providers to serve as knowledgeable members of their community's disaster team. The course was developed using a standard instructional design system to cover the basic components of disaster planning and emergency medical operations, including: disaster elements, general planning and organization, victim flow, communication, evacuation modalities, field and hospital management, documentation, public relations, and application to the local community. The 35 national faculty members present the course on a geographic basis across the United States. Further considerations for emergency medicine in the disaster domain include questions of education, research and the formation of a network to coordinate with other medical, health, and nonhealth care sectors nationally and internationally.
灾难发生的频率比以往任何时候都更高，影响也更大，因此对加强社区灾难防范的需求也在增加。美国急诊医师学会（ACEP）与联邦紧急事务管理局（FEMA）合作，开发了一门16小时的课程，让急诊医师和其他急救人员能够成为所在社区灾难应对团队中知识渊博的成员。该课程采用标准教学设计系统开发，涵盖灾难规划和紧急医疗行动的基本组成部分，包括：灾难要素、总体规划与组织、受害者流转、通信、疏散方式、现场与医院管理、文档记录、公共关系以及在当地社区的应用。35名全国教员在美国各地按地域授课。灾难领域急诊医学的进一步考量包括教育、研究问题以及建立一个在国内和国际上与其他医疗、健康和非医疗保健部门进行协调的网络。
