青少年身体羞辱现象的深入综述：触发因素、心理影响及预防措施

An in depth review of body shaming phenomenon among adolescent: Trigger factors, psychological impact and prevention efforts.

作者信息

Deviantony Fitrio, Fitria Yeni, Rondhianto Rondhianto, Pramesuari Ni Komang T

机构信息

Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Jember University, Jember, Indonesia.

Department of Medical Surgical, Faculty of Nursing, Jember University, Jember, Indonesia.

出版信息

S Afr J Psychiatr. 2024 Nov 14;30:2341. doi: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v30i0.2341. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v30i0.2341

PMID:39650199

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11622041/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Body shaming, a pervasive issue, has severe psychological and societal repercussions, particularly for early adolescents. This study addresses the gap in understanding body shaming in smaller urban settings such as Jember City, often overlooked in favour of larger metropolitan areas.

AIM

The study aimed to investigate the psychological effects, trigger factors and potential preventive measures of body shaming among junior high school students in Jember City.

SETTING

The study was conducted in junior high schools in Jember City, East Java, Indonesia.

METHODS

An observational, cross-sectional design with both quantitative and qualitative approaches was used. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The quantitative analysis was performed using the Spearman's rank test.

RESULTS

The study included 320 adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years. Of these, 6.3% were 12 years old, 31.2% were 13, 31.6% were 14, and 30.9% were 15. Additionally, 56.2% of the participants were female. The majority (95%) identified as Muslim, and 72.8% had parents with bachelor's degrees. Parental occupations ranged from private business to civil service. In terms of body mass index, 34.7% were classified as very thin, 18.1% as thin, 40.9% as normal, and 3.1% as fat or obese. Body shaming was widespread, with 73.1% criticized for their clothing, 59.9% for their speech, and 66.7% compared to others. The main sources of body shaming were family, peers, media, and personal insecurities. There was also a significant correlation between body shaming and stress (ρ = 0.404, < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

Body shaming affects mental health, particularly among adolescents. It stems from societal norms and media perpetuation.

CONTRIBUTION

This study provides insights into body shaming in smaller urban settings, highlighting the need for targeted prevention efforts to mitigate its effects and promote healthier self-esteem and body image.

摘要

背景

身材羞辱是一个普遍存在的问题，会产生严重的心理和社会影响，对青少年早期影响尤甚。本研究填补了在如任抹市这样的较小城市环境中对身材羞辱理解方面的空白，这类地区常因更受关注的大城市而被忽视。

目的

本研究旨在调查任抹市初中生身材羞辱的心理影响、触发因素及潜在预防措施。

地点

本研究在印度尼西亚东爪哇任抹市的初中开展。

方法

采用兼具定量和定性方法的观察性横断面设计。通过自填问卷和深度访谈收集数据。定量分析采用斯皮尔曼等级检验。

结果

该研究纳入了320名年龄在12至15岁之间的青少年。其中，6.3%为12岁，31.2%为13岁，31.6%为14岁，30.9%为15岁。此外，56.2%的参与者为女性。大多数（95%）认定为穆斯林，72.8%的参与者父母拥有本科学历。父母职业范围从私营企业到公务员。就体重指数而言，34.7%被归类为极瘦，18.1%为瘦，40.9%为正常，3.1%为肥胖。身材羞辱普遍存在，73.1%因其穿着受到批评，59.9%因其言语受到批评，66.7%被与他人作比较受到批评。身材羞辱的主要来源是家庭、同龄人、媒体和个人不安全感。身材羞辱与压力之间也存在显著相关性（ρ = 0.404，<0.01）。