Duan Tianyu, He Zongwei, Dai Jing, Xie Lin, Shi Yuer, Chen Lunxin, Song Junyi, Li Guoxing, Zhang Wenfeng
Digitalized Performance Training Laboratory, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Front Physiol. 2024 Nov 22;15:1452751. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1452751. eCollection 2024.
The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of unilateral (U) and bilateral (B) contrast training on lower limb explosiveness, agility, and balance in college basketball athletes. Twenty male college basketball players were randomly assigned to either a unilateral group (U, n = 10) or a bilateral group (B, n = 10). Both groups underwent an 8week strength training program, with sessions held twice a week. The unilateral group performed six Bulgarian split squats and ten reverse lunge jump squats, while the bilateral group performed six barbell rear squats and ten double-leg vertical jumps. To comprehensively assess the training effects, the study utilized one-repetition maximum (1RM), countermovement jump (CMJ), 20m sprint, and single-leg hop tests to evaluate explosive power; the 505 and -test to assess change-of-direction ability; and the Y-balance test (YBT) to evaluate dynamic balance. Paired sample t-tests were used to evaluate within-group changes, and a 2 (pre- and post-) × 2 (experimental and control groups) repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess between-group differences. Within-group comparisons indicated that both unilateral and bilateral contrast training significantly improved all performance metrics. Between-group comparisons revealed that bilateral training was superior to unilateral training in improvements in 1RM and CMJ ( > 0.05) (growth rate of 1RM: B: 8.4%, U: 5.15%; growth rate of CMJ: B: 15.63%, U: 6.74%). Unilateral training showed greater improvements in the 20m sprint, dominant leg single-leg hop, YBT left, and YBT right ( > 0.05) (growth rate of 20m sprint: B: 5.43%, U: 10.41%; growth rate of advantage foot touch high: B: 4.56%, U: 9.35%; growth rate of YBT left: B: 3.77%, U: 8.53%; growth rate of YBT right: B: 4.72%, U: 13.8%). Unilateral training also significantly outperformed bilateral training in non-dominant leg single-leg hop, -test, 505 left, and 505 right improvements ( < 0.05). Unilateral contrast training may offer advantages for enhancing change-of-direction ability and explosive power in the non-dominant leg, and it may also provide benefits for improving short-distance sprinting ability, explosive power in the dominant leg, and dynamic balance. In contrast, bilateral contrast training appears to be more effective for enhancing bilateral explosive power and may be more advantageous for increasing maximal strength.
本研究的目的是比较单侧（U）和双侧（B）对比训练对大学篮球运动员下肢爆发力、敏捷性和平衡能力的影响。20名男性大学篮球运动员被随机分为单侧组（U，n = 10）或双侧组（B，n = 10）。两组都进行了为期8周的力量训练计划，每周训练两次。单侧组进行6次保加利亚分腿蹲和10次反向弓步跳蹲，而双侧组进行6次杠铃后蹲和10次双腿垂直跳。为了全面评估训练效果，该研究采用了一次重复最大值（1RM）、反向纵跳（CMJ）、20米短跑和单腿跳测试来评估爆发力；采用505测试和 - 测试来评估变向能力；采用Y平衡测试（YBT）来评估动态平衡。配对样本t检验用于评估组内变化，2（训练前和训练后）×2（实验组和对照组）重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）用于评估组间差异。组内比较表明，单侧和双侧对比训练均显著改善了所有性能指标。组间比较显示，双侧训练在1RM和CMJ的改善方面优于单侧训练（P>0.05）（1RM增长率：B组：8.4%，U组：5.15%；CMJ增长率：B组：15.63%，U组：6.74%）。单侧训练在20米短跑、优势腿单腿跳、YBT左侧和YBT右侧方面有更大的改善（P>0.05）（20米短跑增长率：B组：5.43%，U组：10.41%；优势脚触高增长率：B组：4.56%，U组：9.35%；YBT左侧增长率：B组：3.77%，U组：8.53%；YBT右侧增长率：B组：4.72%，U组：13.8%）。在非优势腿单腿跳、 - 测试、505左侧和505右侧的改善方面，单侧训练也显著优于双侧训练（P<0.05）。单侧对比训练可能在增强非优势腿的变向能力和爆发力方面具有优势，并且可能对提高短距离冲刺能力、优势腿的爆发力和动态平衡也有帮助。相比之下，双侧对比训练在增强双侧爆发力方面似乎更有效，并且在增加最大力量方面可能更具优势。
