Fillenbaum G G, George L K, Palmore E B
J Gerontol. 1985 Jan;40(1):85-94. doi: 10.1093/geronj/40.1.85.
Data from two national longitudinal studies of older workers were examined in order to compare the determinants and consequences of retirement for white and black men, and for poverty, marginal, and upper economic level men. The number of categories important in determining retirement was greater for white men than for black men and increased with increase in economic level. Retirement was found to have few consequences, being important mainly with respect to health and economic matters. Blacks and poverty level men were minimally affected by retirement, the impact of retirement probably being somewhat ameliorated by age-determined income maintenance programs and subsidies. Men at the marginal economic level were affected most adversely.
对两项针对老年工人的全国性纵向研究数据进行了分析，以比较白人和黑人男性、贫困、边缘和高经济水平男性退休的决定因素和后果。在决定退休方面，对白人男性来说重要的类别数量比对黑人男性更多，并且随着经济水平的提高而增加。研究发现退休的后果较少，主要在健康和经济方面较为重要。黑人和贫困水平的男性受退休的影响最小，年龄确定的收入维持计划和补贴可能在一定程度上缓解了退休的影响。处于边缘经济水平的男性受到的不利影响最大。
