精神分裂症中RNA编辑、剪接和基因表达的遗传结构

Genetic architecture of RNA editing, splicing and gene expression in schizophrenia.

作者信息

Choudhury Mudra, Yamamoto Ryo, Xiao Xinshu

机构信息

Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570, United States.

Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 612 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 957246, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7246, United States.

出版信息

Hum Mol Genet. 2025 Feb 1;34(3):277-290. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddae172.

Abstract

Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have been conducted over the past decades to investigate the underlying genetic origin of neuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia (SCZ). While these studies demonstrated the significance of disease-phenotype associations, there is a pressing need to fully characterize the functional relevance of disease-associated genetic variants. Functional genetic loci can affect transcriptional and post-transcriptional phenotypes that may contribute to disease pathology. Here, we investigate the associations between genetic variation and RNA editing, splicing, and overall gene expression through identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the CommonMind Consortium SCZ cohort. We find that editing QTL (edQTL), splicing QTL (sQTL) and expression QTL (eQTL) possess both unique and common gene targets, which are involved in many disease-relevant pathways, including brain function and immune response. We identified two QTL that fall into all three QTL categories (seedQTL), one of which, rs146498205, targets the lincRNA gene, RP11-156P1.3. In addition, we observe that the RNA binding protein AKAP1, with known roles in neuronal regulation and mitochondrial function, had enriched binding sites among edQTL, including the seedQTL, rs146498205. We conduct colocalization with various brain disorders and find that all QTL have top colocalizations with SCZ and related neuropsychiatric diseases. Furthermore, we identify QTL within biologically relevant GWAS loci, such as in ELA2, an important tRNA processing gene associated with SCZ risk. This work presents the investigation of multiple QTL types in parallel and demonstrates how they target both distinct and overlapping SCZ-relevant genes and pathways.

摘要

在过去几十年中,人们开展了全基因组关联研究(GWAS),以探究精神疾病(如精神分裂症,SCZ)潜在的遗传起源。虽然这些研究证明了疾病-表型关联的重要性,但迫切需要全面描述疾病相关基因变异的功能相关性。功能性基因座可影响转录和转录后表型,这些表型可能导致疾病病理。在这里,我们通过在CommonMind Consortium SCZ队列中识别数量性状基因座(QTL),研究了基因变异与RNA编辑、剪接以及整体基因表达之间的关联。我们发现编辑QTL(edQTL)、剪接QTL(sQTL)和表达QTL(eQTL)拥有独特且共同的基因靶点,这些靶点涉及许多与疾病相关的途径,包括脑功能和免疫反应。我们鉴定出两个属于所有这三种QTL类别的QTL(种子QTL),其中一个,rs146498205,靶向长链非编码RNA基因RP11-156P1.3。此外,我们观察到在神经元调节和线粒体功能中具有已知作用的RNA结合蛋白AKAP1在edQTL(包括种子QTL rs146498205)中具有丰富的结合位点。我们与各种脑部疾病进行共定位分析,发现所有QTL与SCZ及相关精神疾病具有最高共定位。此外,我们在生物学相关的GWAS基因座内鉴定出QTL,例如在ELA2中,ELA2是一个与SCZ风险相关的重要tRNA加工基因。这项工作并行开展了多种QTL类型的研究,并展示了它们如何靶向与SCZ相关的不同且重叠的基因和途径。

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