Silva Allison Vieira da, Garcia Caroline Bertocco, Carvalho Igor Araújo Santos de, Nascimento Wellington Ferreira do, Ramos Santiago Linorio Ferreyra, Rodrigues Doriane Picanço, Zucchi Maria Imaculada, Costa Flaviane Malaquias, Alves-Pereira Alessandro, Batista Carlos Eduardo, Silva Edson Ferreira da, Veasey Elizabeth Ann
Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Departamento de Genética, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Centro de Ciências de Chapadinha, Chapadinha, MA, Brazil.
Genet Mol Biol. 2024 Dec 2;47(4):e20240030. doi: 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2024-0030. eCollection 2024.
Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae) is an arboreal and allogamous fruit tree native from southern Mexico to southeastern Brazil, with great potential for economic exploitation. This study aimed to evaluate the structure and genomic diversity of yellow mombin accessions collected in nine locations in Brazil using Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) markers. Significant genetic structure was observed in the discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) and dendrogram construction, in accordance with our hypotheses. The Mantel test identified a highly positive and significant correlation between geographic and genetic distances. The locations from the Amazon biome presented higher genetic diversity values when compared to those from the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, which is expected considering the higher vulnerability of these biomes. However, although presenting greater genetic diversity, the Amazon biome showed positive inbreeding coefficients (F IS ) in three of the four locations, ranging from 0.0855 to 0.2421, indicating a potential risk of genetic erosion, possibly related to the increased degradation of this biome in recent decades. The results obtained contribute to the understanding of the distribution of genetic variation and conservation status of yellow mombin in Brazil. They could also be used as a subsidy for developing conservation strategies and the genetic improvement of this species.
腰果树（漆树科）是一种乔木异花授粉果树，原产于墨西哥南部至巴西东南部，具有很大的经济开发潜力。本研究旨在利用单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记评估在巴西九个地点收集的黄腰果树品种的结构和基因组多样性。根据我们的假设，在主成分判别分析（DAPC）和系统树构建中观察到了显著的遗传结构。Mantel检验确定地理距离和遗传距离之间存在高度正相关且显著相关。与大西洋森林和塞拉多地区相比，亚马逊生物群落的地点呈现出更高的遗传多样性值，考虑到这些生物群落的更高脆弱性，这是预期的。然而，尽管亚马逊生物群落具有更大的遗传多样性，但在四个地点中的三个地点显示出正的近交系数（F IS），范围从0.0855到0.2421，这表明存在遗传侵蚀的潜在风险，可能与该生物群落近几十年来退化加剧有关。所获得的结果有助于了解巴西黄腰果遗传变异的分布和保护状况。它们还可作为制定该物种保护策略和遗传改良的参考。
