Silva B M, Rossi A A B, Tiago A V, Schmitt K F M, Dardengo J F E, Souza S A M
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Agroecossistemas Amazônicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas, PPGBionorte, Laboratório de Genética Vegetal e Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Agrárias, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Alta Floresta, Alta Floresta, MT, Brasil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Agroecossistemas Amazônicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas, PPGBionorte, Laboratório de Genética Vegetal e Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Agrárias, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Alta Floresta, Alta Floresta, MT, Brasil
Genet Mol Res. 2017 Jan 23;16(1):gmr-16-01-gmr.16018946. doi: 10.4238/gmr16018946.
Cajazeira (Spondias mombin L.), of the family Anacardiaceae, is a species of fruit tree found in the Amazon region with fruits that have excellent prospects for commercial use. We aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity within and among natural populations of S. mombin, with natural occurrence in northern Mato Grosso State, by using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Overall, 126 individuals were evaluated from three populations located Alta Floresta (AFL) 42, Marcelândia (MAR) 41, and Nova Bandeirantes (NBA) 43. The individuals were genotyped with 14 ISSR primers, which amplified 99 fragments. All markers, with the exception of DiGA3'A, presented a polymorphic information content above 0.25, and thus, are recommended for diversity analyses in S. mombin. Genetic diversity of the AFL [Nei's diversity (H) = 0.2430 and Shannon index (I) = 0.3547] and MAR (H = 0.2062 and I = 0.2993) populations was higher when compared to the NBA population, which presented the lowest genetic diversity (H = 0.2002 and I = 0.2957). Analysis of molecular variance showed that 77.38% of the total genetic variation is found within populations while 22.62% is found among populations. AFL and NBA are genetically the most similar populations and also the closest "Structure" revealed genetic diversity among the genotypes of each population. As there is genetic variability in both populations, and there are no genetically identical individuals, both populations can be a source of genotypes for germplasm banks and for future commercial fruitful plantations S. mombin.
腰果（Spondias mombin L.）属于漆树科，是一种生长在亚马逊地区的果树，其果实具有良好的商业利用前景。我们旨在利用简单序列重复区间（ISSR）标记，评估巴西马托格罗索州北部自然生长的腰果自然种群内部和种群间的遗传多样性。总体而言，对来自三个种群的126个个体进行了评估，这三个种群分别位于阿尔塔弗洛雷斯塔（AFL）42个个体、马塞兰迪亚（MAR）41个个体和新班代兰特斯（NBA）43个个体。使用14条ISSR引物对这些个体进行基因分型，共扩增出99个片段。除DiGA3'A外，所有标记物的多态信息含量均高于0.25，因此建议用于腰果的多样性分析。与遗传多样性最低的NBA种群（H = 0.2002，I = 0.2957）相比，AFL种群（内氏多样性（H）= 0.2430，香农指数（I）= 0.3547）和MAR种群（H = 0.2062，I = 0.2993）的遗传多样性更高。分子方差分析表明，总遗传变异的77.38%存在于种群内部，而22.62%存在于种群之间。AFL和NBA是遗传上最相似的种群，“Structure”分析也揭示了每个种群基因型之间存在遗传多样性。由于两个种群都存在遗传变异且没有基因完全相同的个体，因此这两个种群都可以作为种质库和未来商业化腰果种植园基因型的来源。
