Smith Margaret, Drakesmith Cynthia Wright, Haynes Sarah, Maynard Suzanne, Shah Akshay, Roy Noemi Ba, Lee Joseph Jonathan, Maurer Katja, Stanworth Simon J, Bankhead Clare R
Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford.
John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford.
Br J Gen Pract. 2025 Mar 27;75(753):e232-e240. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2024.0336. Print 2025 Apr.
Despite epidemiological data on anaemia being available on a global scale, the prevalence of anaemia in the UK is not well described.
To describe anaemia prevalence and testing patterns for haemoglobin and other blood parameters.
This study was a descriptive population-based cohort study using data drawn from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum database in 2019.
Demographic data were extracted for each person who was registered at their current practice during 2019, including linked data on Index of Multiple Deprivation. Anaemia prevalence in 2019 was calculated based on World Health Organization-specified age and gender thresholds for haemoglobin. Anaemia was classified based on mean corpuscular volume and ferritin. People with anaemia were followed up for up to 1 year to investigate longitudinal testing patterns for haemoglobin.
The cohort contained 14 million people. Anaemia prevalence in England in 2019 was 4.1% (583 847/14 207 841) (5.1% [363 438/7 121 614] females and 3.1% [220 409/7 086 227] males). Prevalence was higher in people aged >65 years, people of Black and Asian ethnicities, and people living in areas with higher social deprivation. Only half of people with anaemia and a mean corpuscular volume of ≤100 fL had an accompanying ferritin value recorded. About half of people with anaemia had a follow-up haemoglobin test within 1 year, most of which still indicated anaemia.
Anaemia is prevalent in the UK with large disparities between levels of demographic variables. Investigation and follow-up of anaemia is suboptimal in many patients. Health interventions aimed at improving anaemia investigation and treatment are needed, particularly in the most at-risk groups.
尽管全球范围内已有关于贫血的流行病学数据，但英国贫血的患病率尚无详尽描述。
描述贫血患病率以及血红蛋白和其他血液参数的检测模式。
本研究是一项基于人群的描述性队列研究，使用了2019年临床实践研究数据链奥鲁姆数据库中的数据。
提取了2019年在其当前医疗机构登记的每个人的人口统计学数据，包括多重剥夺指数的关联数据。根据世界卫生组织规定的血红蛋白年龄和性别阈值计算2019年的贫血患病率。根据平均红细胞体积和铁蛋白对贫血进行分类。对贫血患者进行长达1年的随访，以调查血红蛋白的纵向检测模式。
该队列包含1400万人。2019年英格兰的贫血患病率为4.1%（583847/14207841）（女性为5.1%[363438/7121614]，男性为3.1%[220409/7086227]）。65岁以上人群、黑人和亚洲族裔人群以及生活在社会剥夺程度较高地区的人群患病率更高。平均红细胞体积≤100 fL的贫血患者中，只有一半有铁蛋白值记录。约一半的贫血患者在1年内进行了血红蛋白随访检测，其中大多数仍显示贫血。
贫血在英国很普遍，不同人口统计学变量水平之间存在很大差异。许多患者对贫血的调查和随访并不理想。需要开展旨在改善贫血调查和治疗的健康干预措施，特别是在高危人群中。
