Byrd C L, Schwartz S J, Sivina M, Yahr W Z, Greenberg J J
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1985 Jan;89(1):142-4.
When a pacing lead becomes infected, the most expedient and successful therapy is its removal. A new surgical extraction technique, combining the use of fluoroscopy and a limited surgical dissection of the right atrium, is presented for the removal of a lead entrapped in the heart or venous system.
