Kuutti Mari A, Hyvärinen Matti, Lankila Hannamari, Aukee Pauliina, Hietavala Enni-Maria, Laakkonen Eija K
Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Womens Health (Lond). 2024 Jan-Dec;20:17455057241305075. doi: 10.1177/17455057241305075.
Estrogen deficiency during menopause, aging, reproductive history, and factors increasing intra-abdominal pressure may lead to structural and functional failure in the pelvic floor. Lifestyle choices, such as eating behavior, may contribute to pelvic floor disorders.
The objective of the study was to investigate associations of eating behavior with symptoms of pelvic floor disorders, that is, stress urinary incontinence, urgency urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and constipation or defecation difficulties among middle-aged women.
A cross-sectional, observational study was performed using a population sample of 1098 Finnish women aged 47-55 years.
Eating behavior, food consumption frequency, demographical, gynecological, and physical activity variables were assessed using self-report questionnaires. Logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of eating behavior, food frequency, and symptoms of pelvic floor disorders. Models were adjusted with demographical, gynecological, and physical activity variables.
In adjusted models, middle-aged women with disordered eating style were more likely to experience the symptoms of stress urinary incontinence (odds ratio (OR) 1.5, = 0.002), and constipation or defecation difficulties (OR 1.4, = 0.041). Adding body mass index into the models abolished associations. Of the studied food items, more frequent consumption of ready-made, highly processed foods (OR 1.5, = 0.001), and fast foods (OR 1.5, = 0.005) were independently associated with symptoms of stress urinary incontinence regardless of eating style, whereas consuming ready-made foods (OR 1.4, = 0.048) was associated with symptoms of urgency urinary incontinence. Daily consumption of fruits (OR 0.8, = 0.034) was independently associated with symptoms of stress urinary incontinence. Furthermore, we observed that daily consumption of porridge was associated with symptoms of constipation or defecation difficulties (OR 1.7, = 0.010) independently of eating style. Alcohol consumption (OR 0.9, = 0.015) was inversely associated with constipation and defecation difficulties. Women with overall higher quality diet had lower odds for stress urinary incontinence (OR 0.9, = 0.002).
This study provides proof-of-concept evidence to the hypothesis that eating behavior and consuming certain food items are associated with perceived pelvic floor disorders. As a preventive action, eating behavior of women with the risk of these symptoms should be assessed, and guidance toward healthy eating patterns should be provided.
更年期、衰老过程中的雌激素缺乏、生殖史以及腹内压增加等因素可能导致盆底结构和功能衰竭。生活方式的选择，如饮食行为，可能会导致盆底功能障碍。
本研究的目的是调查饮食行为与中年女性盆底功能障碍症状之间的关联，即压力性尿失禁、急迫性尿失禁、粪失禁以及便秘或排便困难。
采用横断面观察性研究，对1098名年龄在47至55岁之间的芬兰女性进行了抽样调查。
使用自我报告问卷评估饮食行为、食物消费频率、人口统计学、妇科和身体活动变量。采用逻辑回归模型评估饮食行为、食物频率与盆底功能障碍症状之间的关联。模型根据人口统计学、妇科和身体活动变量进行了调整。
在调整后的模型中，饮食方式紊乱的中年女性更有可能出现压力性尿失禁症状（优势比[OR]为1.5，P = 0.002），以及便秘或排便困难（OR为1.4，P = 0.041）。将体重指数纳入模型后，这种关联消失。在所研究的食物中，无论饮食方式如何，更频繁食用即食、高度加工食品（OR为1.5，P = 0.001）和快餐（OR为1.5，P = 0.005）与压力性尿失禁症状独立相关，而食用即食食品（OR为1.4，P = 0.048）与急迫性尿失禁症状相关。每天食用水果（OR为0.8，P = 0.034）与压力性尿失禁症状独立相关。此外，我们观察到，无论饮食方式如何，每天食用粥与便秘或排便困难症状相关（OR为1.7，P = 0.010）。饮酒（OR为0.9，P = 0.015）与便秘和排便困难呈负相关。总体饮食质量较高的女性患压力性尿失禁的几率较低（OR为0.9，P = 0.002）。
本研究为饮食行为和食用某些食物与感知到的盆底功能障碍相关这一假设提供了概念验证证据。作为预防措施，应评估有这些症状风险的女性的饮食行为，并提供健康饮食模式的指导。
