Aslan Dilek, Ünal Yağmur, Sütlü Sevinç, Durusoy Raika, Uçar Mahmut Talha, Arslan Evrim, Balcı Elçin, Sızan Elif, Beyza Püren Selcan Gündoğdu, Atasoy Emir, Duman Şeyma, Karabey Selma, Yaman Coşkun Özge, Saka Günay, Arslan Hatice Nilden, Kulaç Aksu İlayda, Varer Akpınar Ceren, Erkoyun İsmail Erdem, Kahraman Burak, Işık Elif, Gündoğdu İpek, Günay Türkan, Özkan Tanrıverdi Muhammed Nur, Özdel Meryem Nisa, Çetin Rabia Cansel, Kurçer Mehmet Ali, Kamacı Ümit, Yılmaz Mehmet Fatih, Baran Deniz Emine
Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
Department of Gerontology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Faculty of Health Sciences, Burdur, Türkiye
Thorac Res Pract. 2025 Jan 3;26(1):1-8. doi: 10.5152/ThoracResPract.2024.24033. Epub 2024 Oct 21.
In Türkiye, anti-tobacco legislation (Law No. 4207 on the Prevention and Control of Harms of Tobacco Products) aims to ensure a “tobacco-free” life for current and future generations. Thus, there are observations of violations in the hospitality sector. In this study, we aimed to observe the status of hospitality venues’ violation of the law in 11 different cities in Türkiye.
This descriptive study examined 772 hospitality venues in Ankara, Burdur, Diyarbakır, Giresun, Hatay, İstanbul, İzmir, Kars, Kayseri, Samsun, and Zonguldak between August 1 and October 10, 2023. The Google Forms survey, Microsoft Excel, and IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 23) programs were used for data collection, entry, and analysis. A logistic regression model was used to understand the associations between non-compliance and the characteristics of the venues.
During the observation of indoor spaces, tobacco products were used in 282 venues (37.1%). Non-compliance in bars, pubs, traditional coffee houses, and hookah cafes was statistically significantly higher than in the other venue types [odds ratio (OR)= 3.031, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.699 to 5.408, < 0.001]. The presence of a retractable roof and/or side wall (OR=5.362, 95% CI: 3.518 to 8.173, < 0.001), later hour observations (OR= 2.120, 95% CI: 1.399 to 3.212, < 0.001), and the existence of outdoor venues where smoking is permitted (OR= 3.165, 95% CI: 2.170 to 4.617, < 0.001) also increased indoor violations.
The findings provided scientific evidence that violations of Turkish anti-tobacco legislation exist in hospitality venues. The public authorities are advised to play their vital role in preventing violations in indoor spaces.
在土耳其，反烟草立法（关于烟草制品危害预防与控制的第4207号法律）旨在确保今世后代拥有“无烟”生活。因此，在酒店业存在违规行为的相关观察。在本研究中，我们旨在观察土耳其11个不同城市的酒店场所违反该法律的情况。
这项描述性研究于2023年8月1日至10月10日期间，对安卡拉、布尔杜尔、迪亚巴克尔、吉雷松、哈塔伊、伊斯坦布尔、伊兹密尔、卡尔斯、开塞利、萨姆松和宗古尔达克的772个酒店场所进行了检查。使用谷歌表单调查、微软Excel和IBM SPSS Statistics（第23版）程序进行数据收集、录入和分析。采用逻辑回归模型来了解违规行为与场所特征之间的关联。
在对室内空间的观察中，282个场所（37.1%）存在烟草制品使用情况。酒吧、酒馆、传统咖啡馆和水烟馆的违规率在统计学上显著高于其他场所类型[优势比（OR）= 3.031，95%置信区间（CI）：1.699至5.408，< 0.001]。存在可伸缩屋顶和/或侧壁（OR = 5.362，95% CI：3.518至8.173，< 0.001）、较晚时间的观察（OR = 2.120，95% CI：1.399至3.212，< 0.001）以及存在允许吸烟的户外场所（OR = 3.165，9% CI：2.170至4.617，< 0.001）也增加了室内违规行为。
研究结果提供了科学证据，表明土耳其酒店场所存在违反反烟草立法的情况。建议公共当局在防止室内空间违规方面发挥关键作用。
