Ehtisham Muhammad, Saeed-Ul-Hassan Muhammad, Poater Albert
Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Mª Aurèlia Capmany 69, Girona 17003, Catalonia, Spain.
Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Pakistan.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 Jan 1;958:177885. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177885. Epub 2024 Dec 10.
Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is one of the most efficient, sustainable, cost-effective, and promising techniques for addressing world's water scarcity. Over 4.3 billion people around the world struggle to access clean, abundant, and safe drinking water. Additionally, >3.3 million people die each year due to drinking poor quality water. Meanwhile, our atmosphere contains approximately 13,000 trillion liters of water in the form of vapor. Therefore, AWH offers a viable solution to meet the demand for drinking water, even in arid or high humidity regions. AWH can be achieved through methods such as fog harvesting, dew harvesting and sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (SBAWH). The main aim of this manuscript is to explore the potential of Sorption-Based Atmospheric Water Harvesting (SBAWH) as a solution to the global water scarcity crisis. The study focuses on evaluating the adsorption capacities and performance of various sorbent materials, systems, and devices used in SBAWH. Notably, materials such as silica gel, zeolite, hygroscopic salts, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highlighted, with MOFs and their composites being recognized as some of the most efficient options for atmospheric water harvesting. This review emphasizes the critical role of AWH techniques in addressing the pressing issue of global water shortages.
大气水收集（AWH）是解决全球水资源短缺问题最有效、可持续、具有成本效益且前景广阔的技术之一。全球超过43亿人难以获取清洁、充足且安全的饮用水。此外，每年有超过330万人因饮用劣质水而死亡。与此同时，我们的大气中以水汽形式存在着约1.3×10¹⁵升水。因此，即使在干旱或高湿度地区，大气水收集也为满足饮用水需求提供了可行的解决方案。大气水收集可通过雾收集、露水收集和基于吸附的大气水收集（SBAWH）等方法实现。本手稿的主要目的是探索基于吸附的大气水收集（SBAWH）作为解决全球水资源短缺危机方案的潜力。该研究聚焦于评估基于吸附的大气水收集（SBAWH）中使用的各种吸附剂材料、系统和设备的吸附能力及性能。值得注意的是，文中重点介绍了硅胶、沸石、吸湿盐和金属有机框架（MOF）等材料，其中金属有机框架及其复合材料被认为是大气水收集最有效的一些选择。本综述强调了大气水收集技术在解决全球水资源短缺这一紧迫问题中的关键作用。
