Moore Kristen N, Hatzinger Lori, Crosley-Lyons Rachel, Do Bridgette, Wang Shirlene D, McAlister Kelsey, Chapman Tiffany M, Hewus Micaela, Dunton Genevieve F
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Phys Act Health. 2024 Dec 11;22(2):245-251. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0269. Print 2025 Feb 1.
Physical activity (PA) intentions may predict future PA engagement, such that when intentions for PA are strong, an individual may be more likely to engage in PA compared with when intentions for PA are weak. However, intentions do not always translate into behavior, a phenomenon known as the intention-behavior gap. Individual differences in exercise preference (predisposition for high-intensity exercise) and tolerance (ability to continue exercising at higher intensity) may explain this gap. This study examined whether exercise preference and tolerance moderate the within-subject association between PA intention and next-day moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) using ecological momentary assessment and accelerometry.
Exercise preference and tolerance were assessed at baseline using a validated questionnaire. A 14-day smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment protocol captured PA intentions each evening, and next-day MVPA was assessed via accelerometry. Multilevel linear regression models (days [level 1] nested within-people [level 2]) assessed within-subject associations between PA intention and next-day MVPA, along with cross-level interaction effects of exercise preference and tolerance.
Data from 62 US adults (mean age = 39 y, SD = 4.29 y) were analyzed. A negative within-subject main effect of PA intention on next-day MVPA was observed (β = -0.20, P < .001), while exercise preference positively moderated this relationship (β = 0.04, P < .001). Exercise tolerance was not a significant moderator.
Exercise preference may influence the intention-behavior gap, suggesting that those who prefer high-intensity exercise are more likely to translate PA intentions into next-day MVPA.
身体活动（PA）意图可能预测未来的PA参与情况，即当PA意图强烈时，与PA意图薄弱时相比，个体更有可能参与PA。然而，意图并不总是转化为行为，这种现象被称为意图-行为差距。运动偏好（高强度运动的倾向）和耐受性（在更高强度下持续运动的能力）的个体差异可能解释了这种差距。本研究使用生态瞬时评估和加速度计，检验运动偏好和耐受性是否调节PA意图与次日中等至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）之间的个体内关联。
在基线时使用经过验证的问卷评估运动偏好和耐受性。一项为期14天的基于智能手机的生态瞬时评估方案在每晚记录PA意图，并通过加速度计评估次日的MVPA。多级线性回归模型（第1级为天，嵌套在第2级为人）评估PA意图与次日MVPA之间的个体内关联，以及运动偏好和耐受性的跨层次交互效应。
分析了62名美国成年人（平均年龄 = 39岁，标准差 = 4.29岁）的数据。观察到PA意图对次日MVPA的个体内主效应为负（β = -0.20，P <.001），而运动偏好正向调节了这种关系（β = 0.04，P <.001）。运动耐受性不是一个显著的调节因素。
运动偏好可能会影响意图-行为差距，这表明那些偏好高强度运动的人更有可能将PA意图转化为次日的MVPA。
