Dan Kang-Bin, Yoo Ji Yoon, Min Hyeyoung
College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2025 Jan 1;33(1):95-105. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2024.195. Epub 2024 Dec 12.
With the increasing use of plastics worldwide, the amount of plastic waste being discarded has also risen. This plastic waste undergoes physical and chemical processes, breaking down into smaller particles known as microplastics (MPs) or nanoplastics (NPs). Advances in technology have enhanced our ability to detect these smaller particles, and it has been confirmed that plastics can be found in marine organisms as well as within the human body. However, research on the effects of MPs or NPs on living organisms has only recently been started, and our understanding remains limited. Studies on the immunological impacts are still ongoing, revealing that MPs and NPs can differentially affect various immune cells based on the material, size, and shape of the plastic particles. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effects of MPs and NPs on the immune system. We will also explore the methods for plastic removal through physicochemical, microbial, or biological means.
随着全球范围内塑料使用量的增加，被丢弃的塑料废弃物数量也在上升。这些塑料废弃物经历物理和化学过程，分解成更小的颗粒，即微塑料（MPs）或纳米塑料（NPs）。技术的进步提高了我们检测这些更小颗粒的能力，并且已经证实塑料存在于海洋生物以及人体中。然而，关于微塑料或纳米塑料对生物影响的研究直到最近才开始，我们的了解仍然有限。关于免疫影响的研究仍在进行中，结果显示微塑料和纳米塑料会根据塑料颗粒的材料、大小和形状对各种免疫细胞产生不同影响。在这篇综述中，我们旨在全面了解微塑料和纳米塑料对免疫系统的影响。我们还将探索通过物理化学、微生物或生物学方法去除塑料的途径。
