Chudzinski Maciej, Karmelita-Katulska Katarzyna, Duda-Sobczak Anna, Fijalkowska-Ratajczak Tatiana, Kopec Jakub, Michalak Michal, Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz Dorota, Araszkiewicz Aleksandra
Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Department of General Radiology and Neuroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
J Diabetes Res. 2024 Oct 7;2024:6359972. doi: 10.1155/2024/6359972. eCollection 2024.
We aimed to assess neurodegenerative changes in the rhinencephalon via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and relate it to olfactory function and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Individuals aged 18-65 with T1D duration over 10 years and control healthy subjects underwent olfactory assessment using Sniffin'Sticks and brain MRI to assess volumetric measurements of the olfactory bulbs and piriform cortex thickness. 32 T1D (24 males) aged 43.5 years (IQR: 37.0-48), diabetes duration 24.5 years (IQR: 20.5-27.0), and A1C 7.95% (IQR: 7.4-8.4) were assessed. The control group consisted of 6 healthy adults (4 males) aged 41.0 years (IQR: 36.0-48.0). Significantly lower olfactory test results in TDI (threshold-differentiation-identification) (31.5 (IQR: 28.7-33.6) vs. 34.1 (IQR: 33.2-37.2), = 0.02) were obtained in the T1D as compared to the controls. Summarized olfactory bulb (OB) volumes and thickness of the left pyriform cortex were significantly smaller in T1D than in controls (65.8 mm (IQR: 57.9-71.7) vs. 75.8 mm (IQR: 74.8-76.7); = 0.0005 and 3.1 mm (IQR: 2.7-3.4) vs. 3.6 mm (IQR: 3.5-4.1); p =0.02). Patients with DPN had significantly smaller OB volumes than patients without DPN (58.1 mm (IQR: 54.0-70.9) vs. 69.8 mm (IQR: 65.0-72.2); = 0.02). Tobacco smoking (: -7.89; = 0.013) and DPN (:-7.02; = 0.015) proved to be independent predictors of OB volume. In adults with a long history of T1D, olfactory function and structures are impaired. The presence of diabetic neuropathy and ongoing smoking addiction might be considered predictors of the degradation of rhinencephalon structures in people with T1D.
我们旨在通过磁共振成像（MRI）评估嗅脑的神经退行性变化，并将其与1型糖尿病（T1D）成人的嗅觉功能和糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）相关联。18至65岁、T1D病程超过10年的个体以及健康对照受试者接受了使用“嗅棒”进行的嗅觉评估和脑部MRI检查，以评估嗅球的体积测量和梨状皮质厚度。对32名年龄为43.5岁（四分位间距：37.0 - 48岁）、糖尿病病程为24.5年（四分位间距：20.5 - 27.0年）且糖化血红蛋白为7.95%（四分位间距：7.4 - 8.4）的T1D患者（24名男性）进行了评估。对照组由6名年龄为41.0岁（四分位间距：36.0 - 48.0岁）的健康成年人（4名男性）组成。与对照组相比，T1D患者的嗅觉测试TDI（阈值 - 辨别力 - 识别力）结果显著更低（31.5（四分位间距：28.7 - 33.6）对34.1（四分位间距：33.2 - 37.2），P = 0.02）。T1D患者的嗅球（OB）总体积和左侧梨状皮质厚度明显小于对照组（65.8 mm（四分位间距：57.9 - 71.7）对75.8 mm（四分位间距：74.8 - 76.7）；P = 0.0005以及3.1 mm（四分位间距：2.7 - 3.4）对3.6 mm（四分位间距：3.5 - 4.1）；P = 0.02）。患有DPN的患者的OB体积明显小于未患DPN的患者（58.1 mm（四分位间距：54.0 - 70.9）对69.8 mm（四分位间距：65.0 - 72.2）；P = 0.02）。吸烟（β： - 7.89；P = 0.013）和DPN（β： - 7.02；P = 0.015）被证明是OB体积的独立预测因素。在有长期T1D病史的成年人中，嗅觉功能和结构受损。糖尿病神经病变的存在和持续的吸烟成瘾可能被视为T1D患者嗅脑结构退化的预测因素。
