Carstensen Laura L, Chu Li, Matteson Tyler J, Growney Claire M
Department of Psychology, Stanford University.
Psychol Aging. 2024 Dec;39(8):833-853. doi: 10.1037/pag0000856.
Socioemotional selectivity theory (SST) maintains that perceived constraints on time horizons motivate people to optimize emotionally meaningful experiences in the present, whereas expansive time horizons lead people to pursue goals that hold future utility. Theoretically, the prioritizing of goals about emotional meaning contributes to the relatively high levels of emotional well-being and mental health observed in older people. The present article provides an overview of SST and places it in historical context, noting the differences and similarities it shares with contemporaneous approaches. We briefly review support for core theoretical postulates and consider a recent set of empirical findings that speak against the role of perceived time on emotional well-being. We argue that existing survey measures of time horizons do not capture the increasing value and appreciation of remaining time posited in SST and describe the development of and evidence for a new Appreciation of Remaining Time scale. We conclude with a discussion about the need for theoretical precision in research and, more broadly, the need to consider explanations for age differences that extend beyond compensation for loss to fully understand socioemotional development in adulthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
社会情感选择性理论（SST）认为，对时间跨度的感知限制会促使人们在当下优化情感上有意义的体验，而广阔的时间跨度则会引导人们追求具有未来效用的目标。从理论上讲，对情感意义目标的优先排序有助于解释老年人中观察到的相对较高水平的情感幸福感和心理健康。本文概述了社会情感选择性理论，并将其置于历史背景中，指出它与同时期方法的异同。我们简要回顾了对核心理论假设的支持，并考虑了最近一组反对感知时间对情感幸福感作用的实证研究结果。我们认为，现有的时间跨度调查测量方法没有捕捉到社会情感选择性理论所假设的剩余时间日益增加的价值和重视程度，并描述了一种新的剩余时间重视量表的开发和证据。我们最后讨论了研究中理论精确性的必要性，更广泛地说，讨论了需要考虑超越损失补偿的年龄差异解释，以全面理解成年期的社会情感发展。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2024美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
