Vahedi Mozaffar, Azizi Kourosh, Hosseinpour Amin, Raz Abbasali, Aligholi Hadi, Hoseini Mohammad, Soltani Aboozar
Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Nov 22;10(23):e40601. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40601. eCollection 2024 Dec 15.
The study investigates the comparative toxicity of three widely used insecticides-fenitrothion, malathion, and deltamethrin-on , a major urban pest. Using bioassay tests based on World Health Organization (WHO) protocols, we determined the lethal doses 50 (LD) for each insecticide. 2.5 mL of each insecticide in acetone was placed in glass jars. Ten adult male cockroaches were tested per dilution, with three to four replicates. Acetone alone served as the control. After 1 h of exposure, the cockroaches were moved to containers with food and water, and mortality was recorded after 72 h. Probit regression analysis was employed to analyze the mortality rates at various doses, and statistical significance was confirmed for all tested insecticides. Results showed that malathion had the lowest lethal dose, with an LD of 4.29 ppm, making it more potent at lower concentrations. Fenitrothion followed with an LD of 5.11 ppm, while deltamethrin exhibited the highest LD of 8.56 ppm, indicating lower toxicity at standard concentrations. The study also emphasized the importance of understanding sublethal doses, which, though not immediately fatal, could induce behavioral and physiological changes leading to pesticide resistance. The findings provide critical insights for pest management strategies, highlighting the need for appropriate dosing to balance efficacy with safety concerns. This research establishes baseline data for future studies on and its resistance mechanisms, contributing to improved pest control measures with minimal environmental impact.
该研究调查了三种广泛使用的杀虫剂（杀螟硫磷、马拉硫磷和溴氰菊酯）对一种主要城市害虫的相对毒性。我们采用基于世界卫生组织（WHO）规程的生物测定试验，确定了每种杀虫剂的半数致死剂量（LD）。将2.5毫升每种溶于丙酮的杀虫剂置于玻璃罐中。每次稀释测试10只成年雄性蟑螂，进行三到四次重复试验。仅用丙酮作为对照。暴露1小时后，将蟑螂转移到装有食物和水的容器中，并在72小时后记录死亡率。采用概率回归分析来分析不同剂量下的死亡率，所有测试的杀虫剂均具有统计学显著性。结果表明，马拉硫磷的致死剂量最低，LD为4.29 ppm，这表明它在较低浓度下效力更强。杀螟硫磷的LD为5.11 ppm，其次是溴氰菊酯，其LD最高，为8.56 ppm，表明在标准浓度下毒性较低。该研究还强调了了解亚致死剂量的重要性，亚致死剂量虽不会立即致命，但可能会引起行为和生理变化，导致对杀虫剂产生抗性。这些发现为害虫管理策略提供了关键见解，突出了需要适当给药以平衡效果与安全问题。这项研究为未来关于该害虫及其抗性机制的研究建立了基线数据，有助于改进害虫控制措施，同时将对环境的影响降至最低。
