Sun Yanmin, Yang Fan, Duan Ran, Xu Dong, Zhang Yanan, Liang Chengwei, Wang Zhuonan, Huang Xintong, Wang Bingkun, Wang Yapeng, Sun Haoming, Ye Naihao, Fu Fei-Xue, Li Fang
Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.
National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.
Mar Environ Res. 2025 Feb;204:106901. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106901. Epub 2024 Dec 12.
Ocean warming (OW) and acidification (OA) are expected to interactively impact key phytoplankton groups such as diatoms, but the underlying mechanisms, particularly under long-term acclimation, remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the responses of the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries to combined changes in temperature (20 °C and 30 °C) and CO concentration (pCO 400 μatm and 1000 μatm) using a multi-omics approach over an acclimation period of at least 251 generations. Physiological data suggest that elevated temperature, either alone or in combination with CO, reduced the net photosynthesis and nitrate uptake rate, thus inhibiting P. multiseries growth. Conversely, elevated CO alone stimulated P. multiseries growth. Comparative genome analysis revealed the phenotypic plasticity in response to temperature and pCO variations, even after more than 251 generations acclimation period. Temperature was identified as the dominant environmental factor, showing stronger effects than CO. Transcriptomic profiles indicated that genes involved in stress- and intracellular homeostasis such as Hsps, ubiquitination process and antioxidant defense were mostly down-regulated under long-term warming acclimation. This study demonstrates that P.multiseries responds similarly to both short-term and long-term experimental selection, suggesting that short-term experiments can be used to predict long-term responses.
海洋变暖（OW）和酸化（OA）预计会对硅藻等关键浮游植物群体产生交互影响，但潜在机制，尤其是长期适应情况下的机制，仍知之甚少。在本研究中，我们使用多组学方法，在至少251代的适应期内，研究了有毒硅藻多列拟菱形藻对温度（20°C和30°C）和二氧化碳浓度（pCO₂ 400 μatm和1000 μatm）联合变化的响应。生理数据表明，温度升高，无论是单独升高还是与二氧化碳联合升高，都会降低净光合作用和硝酸盐吸收速率，从而抑制多列拟菱形藻的生长。相反，单独升高二氧化碳会刺激多列拟菱形藻的生长。比较基因组分析揭示了即使在超过251代的适应期后，对温度和pCO₂变化的表型可塑性。温度被确定为主要环境因素，其影响比二氧化碳更强。转录组谱表明，在长期变暖适应下，参与应激和细胞内稳态的基因，如热休克蛋白（Hsps）、泛素化过程和抗氧化防御相关基因大多下调。本研究表明，多列拟菱形藻对短期和长期实验选择的反应相似，这表明短期实验可用于预测长期反应。
