Lozano-Bilbao Enrique, Jurado-Ruzafa Alba, Hardisson Arturo, Lorenzo José M, González José A, González-Weller Dailos, Paz Soraya, Rubio Carmen, Techetach Mohamed, Guillén Fernando, Gutiérrez Ángel J
Grupo Interuniversitario de Toxicología Alimentaria y Ambiental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Ecología Marina Aplicada y Pesquerías (EMAP), Instituto de Investigación de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas, Spain.
Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Oceanographic Center of the Canary Islands (IEO, CSIC), Santa Cruz de Tenerife 38180, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 Jan 1;958:178042. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178042. Epub 2024 Dec 13.
This study evaluates the concentration of metals and trace elements (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Li, Pb, Zn) in the muscle tissue of Sardina pilchardus from three northeast Atlantic localities (Lisbon, Canary Islands, Rabat) and two western Mediterranean sites (Málaga, Cartagena) to assess food safety and environmental impact. A total of 100 sardines were sampled between January and June 2019, with specimens collected, homogenized by size and weight, and analyzed for metal content using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Results show significant geographical variation in metal concentrations, with Cartagena exhibiting the highest levels due to industrial and urban activities, while the Canary Islands had the lowest, likely influenced by geographical isolation and stringent environmental regulations. Intermediate levels were observed in Lisbon, Rabat, and Málaga, with Rabat ranking second highest. Importantly, none of the samples exceeded EU safety limits for lead (0.3 mg/kg) or cadmium (0.25 mg/kg), confirming their suitability for human consumption regarding metal content. These findings emphasize the role of local environmental and industrial factors in influencing metal bioaccumulation in marine ecosystems. Genetic and ecological dynamics, such as the Almería-Oran Front and the Canary Islands' isolation, likely contribute to these patterns. The study underscores the importance of continuous monitoring to safeguard food safety and marine ecosystem health. Despite Cartagena's elevated contamination levels, which pose a higher potential risk if sardine consumption is frequent, sardines from all locations remain within safety limits. Moving forward, research should prioritize long-term monitoring and explore genetic and ecological factors influencing bioaccumulation trends, contributing to sustainable management and effective pollution control measures. This highlights the interconnectedness of environmental health and human dietary safety, emphasizing the need for a proactive approach to monitoring marine contamination.
本研究评估了来自东北大西洋三个地点（里斯本、加那利群岛、拉巴特）和地中海西部两个地点（马拉加、卡塔赫纳）的沙丁鱼肌肉组织中金属和微量元素（铝、镉、铜、铁、锂、铅、锌）的浓度，以评估食品安全和环境影响。2019年1月至6月期间共采集了100条沙丁鱼样本，收集样本后按大小和重量进行均质化处理，并使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP - OES）分析金属含量。结果显示，金属浓度存在显著的地理差异，卡塔赫纳由于工业和城市活动金属含量最高，而加那利群岛最低，这可能受到地理隔离和严格环境法规的影响。在里斯本、拉巴特和马拉加观察到中间水平，拉巴特排名第二高。重要的是，没有一个样本超过欧盟铅（0.3毫克/千克）或镉（0.25毫克/千克）的安全限值，证实了它们在金属含量方面适合人类食用。这些发现强调了当地环境和工业因素在影响海洋生态系统中金属生物积累方面的作用。遗传和生态动态，如阿尔梅里亚 - 奥兰锋和加那利群岛的隔离，可能导致了这些模式。该研究强调了持续监测以保障食品安全和海洋生态系统健康的重要性。尽管卡塔赫纳的污染水平较高，如果频繁食用沙丁鱼会带来更高的潜在风险，但所有地点的沙丁鱼仍在安全限值内。展望未来，研究应优先进行长期监测，并探索影响生物积累趋势的遗传和生态因素，为可持续管理和有效的污染控制措施做出贡献。这突出了环境卫生与人类饮食安全的相互联系，强调了对监测海洋污染采取积极主动方法的必要性。
