Hou Tailei, Shan Tianshang, Rong Hongpan, Zhang Jiatao
Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction-Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, 519088, China.
ChemSusChem. 2025 May 5;18(9):e202402331. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202402331. Epub 2025 Jan 3.
The electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate (NO ) to ammonia (NH) holds substantial promise, as it transforms NO from polluted water into valuable NH. However, the reaction is limited by sluggish kinetics and low NH selectivity. Cu-based catalysts with unique electronic structures demonstrate rapid NO to NO rate-determining step (RDS) and fast electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (eNORR) kinetics among non-noble metal catalysts. Nonetheless, achieving high robustness and selectivity for NH with Cu-based catalysts remains a significant challenge. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the reaction mechanisms in eNORR, highlights how the structures of monometallic and bimetallic Cu-based catalyst affect catalytic properties, and discusses the current challenges as well as prospects in eNORR.
将硝酸盐（NO₃⁻）电催化还原为氨（NH₃）具有巨大的潜力，因为它能将污水中的NO₃⁻转化为有价值的NH₃。然而，该反应受到缓慢的动力学和低NH₃选择性的限制。具有独特电子结构的铜基催化剂在非贵金属催化剂中表现出快速的NO₃⁻到NO₂⁻的速率决定步骤（RDS）和快速的电催化硝酸盐还原反应（eNORR）动力学。尽管如此，用铜基催化剂实现对NH₃的高稳定性和选择性仍然是一个重大挑战。本文综述全面概述了eNORR中的反应机理，强调了单金属和双金属铜基催化剂的结构如何影响催化性能，并讨论了eNORR目前面临的挑战以及前景。
