Sharma Kandala Aparna, Singh Nilanchali, Anil Anapti, Hillman Sara, Mathur Purva, Yadav Kapil, Pandey Shivam, Dadhwal Vatsla, Kamboj Saloni
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, IND.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University College London, London, GBR.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 14;16(11):e73677. doi: 10.7759/cureus.73677. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Aim This study aims to investigate the seroconversion of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women during their first and third trimesters, specifically during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology This is a longitudinal follow-up study of pregnant women during the second peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients in their first trimester (six to 12 weeks) were tested for SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG levels, with a repeat test conducted in the third trimester (28-40 weeks) using the automated VIDAS® (bioMérieux SA, Marcy-l'Étoile, France) system. Samples were compared to assess seroconversion rates. Results In the current study, 120 of the 298 eligible women were followed through to the third trimester. Seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 IgG from the first to third trimester was observed in 28 women (23.3%), including six women (21.4%) who developed SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in the third trimester, and 22 women (78.5%) who were IgG positive in the first trimester but became IgG negative by the third trimester. Seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 IgM from the first to third trimester was observed in 15 women (12.5%), of whom three women (25%) developed SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibodies in the third trimester, while 12 women (80%) who had these antibodies earlier no longer retained them by the third trimester. Conclusions The seroconversion rate during pregnancy is high, and natural immunity acquired through infection may not provide long-term protection, even over the course of the pregnancy.
目的 本研究旨在调查孕妇在妊娠早期和晚期，特别是在新冠疫情第二波期间针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的抗体血清转化情况。方法 这是一项在新冠疫情第二个高峰期间对孕妇进行的纵向随访研究。对妊娠早期（6至12周）的患者检测SARS-CoV-2 IgM和IgG水平，并在妊娠晚期（28至40周）使用自动化VIDAS®（法国生物梅里埃公司，马尔西伊埃托伊）系统进行重复检测。对样本进行比较以评估血清转化率。结果 在本研究中，298名符合条件的女性中有120名被随访至妊娠晚期。28名女性（23.3%）出现了从妊娠早期到晚期的SARS-CoV-2 IgG血清转化，其中6名女性（21.4%）在妊娠晚期产生了SARS-CoV-2 IgG抗体，22名女性（78.5%）在妊娠早期IgG呈阳性但到妊娠晚期变为IgG阴性。15名女性（12.5%）出现了从妊娠早期到晚期的SARS-CoV-2 IgM血清转化，其中3名女性（25%）在妊娠晚期产生了SARS-CoV-2 IgM抗体，而12名女性（80%）早期有这些抗体但到妊娠晚期不再保留。结论 孕期的血清转化率很高，通过感染获得的自然免疫力可能无法提供长期保护，即使在整个孕期也是如此。
