Beretka J, Matthew P J
Health Phys. 1985 Jan;48(1):87-95. doi: 10.1097/00004032-198501000-00007.
The natural radioactivity due to the presence of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in conventional raw materials and some solid industrial wastes and by-products which are being used or have a potential for use in the building and ceramic industries in Australia has been measured by gamma-ray spectrometry. The majority of materials examined in this work showed fairly low levels of radioactivity. Some samples of red mud, phosphogypsum, zircon products and fly ash did show higher levels of radioactivity than would be acceptable on the basis of a criterion formula for gamma-ray activity suggested for use in some OECD countries. But this higher level of radioactivity should not pose an environmental health problem when these materials constitute a relatively small portion of the materials used in a normal building. The present work has also shown that the radioactivity levels of some of the materials can be reduced through the removal of fines by sieving, as the fines seem to contain a higher concentration of radioactive nuclides.
通过伽马射线能谱法，对澳大利亚建筑和陶瓷行业正在使用或有潜在用途的常规原材料以及一些固体工业废料和副产品中因含有镭-226、钍-232和钾-40而产生的天然放射性进行了测量。这项工作中检测的大多数材料放射性水平相当低。一些赤泥、磷石膏、锆产品和粉煤灰样品的放射性水平确实高于经合组织一些国家建议用于伽马射线活度的标准公式所允许的水平。但是，当这些材料在普通建筑中所占比例相对较小时，这种较高的放射性水平不应构成环境健康问题。目前的工作还表明，一些材料的放射性水平可以通过筛分去除细粉来降低，因为细粉似乎含有更高浓度的放射性核素。
