Konda Venu, Palika Ravindranadh, Rajendran Ananthan, Neeraja C N, Sundaram R M, Pullakhandam Raghu
ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024 Dec 16. doi: 10.1007/s12011-024-04487-9.
Biofortification of staple food crops with zinc (Zn) is considered a sustainable strategy to prevent deficiency, but evidence on their health impact is awaited. The weaning Wistar/Kyoto male rats were fed on a Zn-deficient diet (ZDD, < 0.1 ppm) for 4 weeks followed by repletion (pair feeding) with control rice diet without (CRD; 5.0 ± 0.23 ppm) or with additional Zn (CRD + Zn, 30.3 ± 0.60 ppm) or biofortified rice diet (BRD; 8.54 ± 0.51 ppm) for 3 weeks. Body weights, plasma, liver, pancreatic, fecal Zn levels, and intestinal ZIP4 and ZnT1 mRNA expression were measured at the end of the experiment. The body weight of rats fed on CRD or CRD + Zn or BRD significantly increased (p < 0.01) compared to rats fed on ZDD. The body weight BRD was significantly higher compared to CRD (P < 0.01), both of which remained lower compared to CRD + Zn (p < 0.03). Repletion of Zn through either CRD or BRD significantly increased the plasma Zn concentration (PZC), tissue, and fecal Zn excretion compared to ZDD, without significant between-group differences. However, PZC, tissue, and fecal Zn of CRD + Zn was significantly higher compared to the rest of the groups. The intestinal ZIP4 and ZnT1 mRNA expressions are consistent with Zn status and/or dietary Zn exposure. A similar PZC, tissue, and fecal Zn in CRD compared to BRD, despite higher Zn intakes in the latter, could be due to preferential shuttling of Zn for growth. Together, these results indicate that Zn from biofortified rice is efficiently utilized for promoting the growth in Zn-deficient rats.
用锌（Zn）对主食作物进行生物强化被认为是预防锌缺乏的一种可持续策略，但关于其对健康影响的证据仍有待观察。将断乳的Wistar/Kyoto雄性大鼠用缺锌饮食（ZDD，<0.1 ppm）喂养4周，然后分别用不含额外锌的对照大米饮食（CRD；5.0±0.23 ppm）、含额外锌的对照大米饮食（CRD+Zn，30.3±0.60 ppm）或生物强化大米饮食（BRD；8.54±0.51 ppm）进行补充喂养（配对喂养）3周。在实验结束时测量大鼠体重、血浆、肝脏、胰腺、粪便中的锌水平以及肠道ZIP4和ZnT1 mRNA表达。与喂食ZDD的大鼠相比，喂食CRD、CRD+Zn或BRD的大鼠体重显著增加（p<0.01）。BRD组的体重显著高于CRD组（P<0.01），而这两组的体重均低于CRD+Zn组（p<0.03）。与ZDD相比，通过CRD或BRD补充锌显著提高了血浆锌浓度（PZC）、组织和粪便中的锌排泄量，组间无显著差异。然而，CRD+Zn组的PZC、组织和粪便中的锌含量显著高于其他组。肠道ZIP4和ZnT1 mRNA表达与锌状态和/或膳食锌暴露情况一致。尽管BRD组锌摄入量较高，但其PZC、组织和粪便中的锌含量与CRD组相似，这可能是由于锌优先用于生长。总之，这些结果表明，生物强化大米中的锌能有效用于促进缺锌大鼠的生长。
