Nisa-Castro-Neto Walter, Wagner Paulo Guilherme Carniel, Kipper Diéssy, da Silveira Vinicius Proença, Fonseca André Salvador Kazantzi, Ikuta Nilo, Lunge Vagner Ricardo
Organização para a Pesquisa e a Conservação de Esqualos no Brasil (PRÓ-SQUALUS), Torres 905560-000, RS, Brazil.
Instituto de Biotecnologia/Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGBIO), Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul 95070-560, RS, Brazil.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Nov 25;14(23):3396. doi: 10.3390/ani14233396.
Southern Brazil is home to a large biodiversity of elasmobranchs from the Brazilian coast. Several genera and species of small sharks of the Triakidae family live in this marine environment. Studies on these shark species are scarce, with few genetic data and little information on animal population structures. The present study aimed to sequence the complete mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of the endangered species (narrownose smooth-hound shark) and to perform a phylogenetic analysis of the Triakidae family. The mtDNA sequenced here was 16,764 bp long and possessed the usual 13 mitochondrial protein coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs (12S and 16S) and a large DNA sequence, presenting an overall organization similar to other species from the genus . Phylogenetic analyses were performed using a dataset containing this new mtDNA and 59 other mitochondrial genomes of the Carcharhiniformes species (including 14 from the Triakidae family), using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) method. All the species of the Triakidae family were clustered into a monophyletic topology group. In addition, polyphyly was observed in , , and . In conclusion, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the genetic diversity of sharks and represents an important step towards the conservation of these endangered animals.
巴西南部是巴西海岸大量软骨鱼类生物多样性的所在地。皱唇鲨科的几个属和小型鲨鱼物种生活在这片海洋环境中。对这些鲨鱼物种的研究很少，遗传数据稀少，关于动物种群结构的信息也很少。本研究旨在对濒危物种窄鼻星鲨的完整线粒体基因组（mtDNA）进行测序，并对皱唇鲨科进行系统发育分析。此处测序的mtDNA长16,764 bp，拥有通常的13个线粒体蛋白质编码基因（PCGs）、22个tRNA、两个rRNA（12S和16S）以及一个大的DNA序列，其整体组织与该属的其他物种相似。使用包含这个新的mtDNA和59个其他真鲨目物种线粒体基因组（包括14个来自皱唇鲨科）的数据集，采用最大似然法（ML）进行系统发育分析。皱唇鲨科的所有物种都聚集成一个单系拓扑群。此外，在星鲨属、斜齿鲨属、真鲨属和双髻鲨属中观察到并系现象。总之，本研究有助于更深入地了解鲨鱼的遗传多样性，并代表了保护这些濒危动物的重要一步。
