循环微小RNA作为肺癌早期诊断及其与肺结核鉴别的生物标志物
Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer and Its Differentiation from Tuberculosis.
作者信息
Ashirbekov Yeldar, Khamitova Nazgul, Satken Kantemir, Abaildayev Arman, Pinskiy Ilya, Yeleussizov Askar, Yegenova Laura, Kairanbayeva Anargul, Kadirshe Danara, Utegenova Gulzhakhan, Jainakbayev Nurlan, Sharipov Kamalidin
机构信息
Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.
出版信息
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Nov 28;14(23):2684. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14232684.
BACKGROUND
The differential diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer (LC) is often challenging due to similar clinicopathological presentations when bacterial shedding is negative, which can lead to delays in treatment. In this study, we tested the potential of plasma-circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) for the early and differential diagnosis of TB and LC.
METHODS
We conducted a two-phase study: profiling 188 miRNAs in pooled plasma samples and validating 14 selected miRNAs in individual plasma samples from 68 LC patients, 38 pulmonary TB patients, and 41 healthy controls.
RESULTS
Twelve miRNAs were significantly elevated in LC patients compared to controls and TB patients, while two miRNAs were significantly elevated in TB patients compared to controls. ROC analysis demonstrated that miR-130b-3p, miR-1-3p, miR-423-5p, and miR-200a-3p had good discriminatory ability to distinguish LC patients (including those with stage I tumours) from healthy individuals and miR-130b-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-15b-5p, and miR-18b-5p effectively distinguished LC patients (including those with stage I tumours) from TB patients. Additionally, miR-18b-5p showed good discriminatory ability between SCLC and NSCLC patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Circulating miRNAs hold strong potential for the early detection of LC and for distinguishing LC from TB.
背景
当细菌涂片阴性时，由于肺结核（TB）和肺癌（LC）的临床病理表现相似，二者的鉴别诊断往往具有挑战性，这可能导致治疗延迟。在本研究中，我们测试了血浆循环微小RNA（miRNA）在TB和LC早期诊断及鉴别诊断中的潜力。
方法
我们进行了一项两阶段研究：对混合血浆样本中的188种miRNA进行分析，并在来自68例LC患者、38例肺结核患者和41例健康对照的个体血浆样本中验证14种选定的miRNA。
结果
与对照组和TB患者相比，LC患者中有12种miRNA显著升高，而与对照组相比，TB患者中有2种miRNA显著升高。ROC分析表明，miR-130b-3p、miR-1-3p、miR-423-5p和miR-200a-3p具有良好的鉴别能力，可将LC患者（包括I期肿瘤患者）与健康个体区分开来，miR-130b-3p、miR-423-5p、miR-15b-5p和miR-18b-5p可有效区分LC患者（包括I期肿瘤患者）与TB患者。此外，miR-18b-5p在小细胞肺癌（SCLC）和非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者之间表现出良好的鉴别能力。
结论
循环miRNA在LC的早期检测以及LC与TB的鉴别诊断方面具有巨大潜力。
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