Costa Lucyana Vieira, Gebara Clarice, Zacaroni Ozana de Fátima, Freitas Natylane Eufransino, Silva Adriele Nascimento da, Prado Cristiano Sales, Nunes Iolanda Aparecida, Cavicchioli Valéria Quintana, Duarte Francine Oliveira Souza, Lage Moacir Evandro, Alencar Fabiane Rodrigues de, Machado Bruna Aparecida Souza, Hodel Katharine Valéria Saraiva, Minafra Cíntia
Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Sul Ipameri, Ipameri 75780-000, Goiás, Brazil.
Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Campus Samambaia da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Goiás, Brazil.
Foods. 2024 Nov 24;13(23):3758. doi: 10.3390/foods13233758.
The inappropriate use of antimicrobials in dairy animals can lead to residues in raw milk and in dairy products. Foods containing residues of this nature, whether in the short, medium, or long term, cause serious health harm. Absence of these compounds in foods should be a premise for declaring safety. This systematic review aimed to identify the antibiotic residues most frequently found in raw bovine milk and the methodologies used to detect such residues over the ten years from 2013 to 2023. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed, by searching the Web of Science, PubMed Central, Scopus, and Springer databases. The search strategy identified 248 articles, and after applying the selection and quality assessment criteria, 16 studies were selected. The number of samples analyzed was 411,530, of which 0.21% tested positive for some type of antibiotic. Eight classes and 38 different types of antibiotics were identified. The most common class was tetracycline, with emphasis on sulfonamides and quinolones, which have shown increasing prevalence among residues in milk in recent years. A total of 56.25% of the studies employed rapid kits to detect residues, 18.75% chromatography, and 25% both techniques. Antibiotic residues in bovine raw milk should be a great concern for animal, environmental, and human health.
在奶牛中不恰当地使用抗菌药物会导致生牛奶和乳制品中出现残留。含有此类性质残留的食品，无论在短期、中期还是长期，都会对健康造成严重危害。食品中不存在这些化合物应是宣称安全的一个前提。本系统评价旨在确定2013年至2023年这十年间生牛乳中最常发现的抗生素残留以及用于检测此类残留的方法。遵循系统评价的PRISMA指南，通过检索科学网、PubMed Central、Scopus和Springer数据库。检索策略共识别出248篇文章，在应用筛选和质量评估标准后，选取了16项研究。分析的样本数量为411,530个，其中0.21%检测出某种抗生素呈阳性。识别出了8类38种不同类型的抗生素。最常见的类别是四环素，尤其要强调磺胺类和喹诺酮类，近年来它们在牛奶残留中的患病率呈上升趋势。共有56.25%的研究采用快速检测试剂盒来检测残留，18.75%采用色谱法，25%同时使用这两种技术。牛生乳中的抗生素残留应引起对动物、环境和人类健康的高度关注。
