Vuono Lucia Francesca, Sicari Vincenzo, Mincione Antonio, Tundis Rosa, Pino Roberta, Badalamenti Natale, Bruno Maurizio, Sottile Francesco, Piacente Sonia, Settanni Luca, Loizzo Monica Rosa
Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
Department of Agraria, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Località Feo di Vito, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Foods. 2024 Nov 26;13(23):3796. doi: 10.3390/foods13233796.
This work aimed to propose the reuse of processing waste from the Sicilian almond ( Batsch.) cultivar Tuono for the formulation of a new functional baked product (muffin) that is gluten- and lactose-free. Muffins were prepared using orange juice, rice flour, extra virgin olive oil, and enriched almond skin (3% and 6% /). The chemical-physical parameters, total phenols, and flavonoids (TPC and TFC), as well as the biological properties of the ingredients and muffins, were evaluated. Sensory analyses were also conducted. DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene bleaching, and FRAP tests were applied to measure the antioxidant potential. Muffin extracts were also tested against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Muffins enriched with 6% almond skin (M6) showed the highest TPC and TFC with values of 26.96 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 24.12 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g, respectively. M6 exerted a promising antioxidant activity as an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, with an IC of 15.44 μg/mL at 30 min incubation. Moreover, muffin M6 showed a promising α-glucosidase inhibitory effect (IC of 51.82 μg/mL). Based on the obtained results and supported by sensory analysis, muffins enriched with almond skin should be proposed as a promising example of upcycling for the development of a new functional bakery product.
这项工作旨在提出将西西里杏仁(巴茨)品种托诺加工过程中的废料重新用于制作一种新的无麸质、无乳糖的功能性烘焙产品(松饼)。使用橙汁、米粉、特级初榨橄榄油和富含杏仁皮(3%和6%)的松饼。对其化学物理参数、总酚和黄酮类化合物(TPC和TFC)以及原料和松饼的生物学特性进行了评估。还进行了感官分析。采用DPPH、ABTS、β-胡萝卜素漂白和FRAP试验来测量抗氧化潜力。松饼提取物还针对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶进行了测试。富含6%杏仁皮的松饼(M6)显示出最高的TPC和TFC,分别为26.96毫克没食子酸当量(GAE)/克和24.12毫克槲皮素当量(QE)/克。M6作为脂质过氧化抑制剂具有良好的抗氧化活性,在孵育30分钟时IC为15.44微克/毫升。此外,松饼M6显示出良好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用(IC为51.82微克/毫升)。基于所获得的结果并得到感官分析的支持,富含杏仁皮的松饼应被视为开发新型功能性烘焙产品的有前途的升级再造示例。
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