Cerulli Antonietta, Badalamenti Natale, Sottile Francesco, Bruno Maurizio, Piacente Sonia, Ilardi Vincenzo, Tundis Rosa, Pino Roberta, Loizzo Monica Rosa
Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jul 24;14(15):2288. doi: 10.3390/plants14152288.
Due to the limited scientific exploration of (L.) skeel husk, this study presents the first investigation of the metabolite profile of methanol and acetone extracts analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and high-resolution multistage mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/HRMSMS). A total of 43 compounds, including hydroxycinnamic acid and flavonoid derivatives, saponins, and triterpenic acids, were identified, some of which have not been previously reported in this species. The total phenols (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) content were spectrophotometrically determined. A multi-target approach was applied to investigate the antioxidant potential using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino--3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), -carotene bleaching, and Ferric Reducing Ability Power (FRAP) tests. Carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes and lipase inhibitory activities were also assessed. The acetone extract exhibited the highest TPC and TFC values, resulting in being the most active in -carotene bleaching test with IC values of 26.68 and 13.82 µg/mL, after 30 and 60 min of incubation, respectively. Moreover, it was the most active against both α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes with IC values of 12.37 and 18.93 µg/mL, respectively. These results pointed out that this by-product is a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals potentially useful for prevention of type 2 diabetes and obesity.
由于对（L.）skeel 果壳的科学探索有限，本研究首次对甲醇和丙酮提取物的代谢物谱进行了研究，采用液相色谱联用电喷雾电离和高分辨率多级质谱（LC-ESI/HRMSMS）进行分析。共鉴定出43种化合物，包括羟基肉桂酸和黄酮类衍生物、皂苷和三萜酸，其中一些化合物此前在该物种中尚未见报道。通过分光光度法测定了总酚（TPC）和总黄酮（TFC）含量。采用多靶点方法，通过1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼（DPPH）、2,2-联氮-二（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）、β-胡萝卜素漂白和铁还原能力测定（FRAP）试验来研究抗氧化潜力。还评估了碳水化合物水解酶和脂肪酶抑制活性。丙酮提取物的TPC和TFC值最高，在β-胡萝卜素漂白试验中活性最强，孵育30分钟和60分钟后的IC值分别为26.68和13.82μg/mL。此外，它对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的活性最强，IC值分别为12.37和18.93μg/mL。这些结果表明，这种副产品是生物活性植物化学物质的丰富来源，可能对预防2型糖尿病和肥胖症有用。
