Yu Hailun, Zhang Runxia, Huang Wenda, Liu Wei, Zhan Jin, Wang Ruixiong, Zhao Xueyong, Feng Qi
Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;13(23):3287. doi: 10.3390/plants13233287.
The ability of seeds to germinate under a wide range of environmental conditions is an important characteristic of invasive alien plant species. Dunal, has been widely distributed in the Northeast and Northwest of China and is causing huge damage to the local agricultural production. Studies on seed germination and response among populations to environmental stress may assist in revealing the adaptability of invasive plants and how they cope with climate change. In this study, we collected seeds from five invasive plant populations of , with intervals of over 3000 km between them, distributed in different habitats and climate zones. We measured the differences in seed traits between populations and studied the trends in germination responses of seeds under diverse abiotic stress conditions. The weight and size of seeds distributed in Northeast China were significantly greater than those distributed in Northwest China; for the response of seed germination to environmental factors, seeds from arid and extremely arid areas of Northwest China had greater tolerance to high temperatures and osmotic stress, while seeds from semi-arid areas of Northeast China were more sensitive to low temperatures and high salt stress. Overall, the germination of seeds responded differently to various environmental stress factors, reflecting the ability of to occupy germination sites under low resource competition. Given the rapid changes in the global climate, our findings provide new insights into the seed adaptation strategies of alien plants during the invasion process and the mechanisms involved.
种子在广泛的环境条件下萌发的能力是外来入侵植物物种的一个重要特征。碱蓬已在中国东北和西北广泛分布，对当地农业生产造成巨大破坏。对种子萌发以及不同种群对环境胁迫的响应进行研究，可能有助于揭示入侵植物的适应性以及它们应对气候变化的方式。在本研究中，我们从分布于不同生境和气候区、彼此间隔超过3000公里的5个碱蓬入侵植物种群中收集种子。我们测量了不同种群间种子性状的差异，并研究了碱蓬种子在多种非生物胁迫条件下的萌发响应趋势。分布在中国东北的碱蓬种子的重量和大小显著大于分布在中国西北的；对于碱蓬种子萌发对环境因子的响应，中国西北干旱和极端干旱地区的种子对高温和渗透胁迫具有更强的耐受性，而中国东北半干旱地区的种子对低温和高盐胁迫更为敏感。总体而言，碱蓬种子的萌发对各种环境胁迫因子的响应不同，这反映了碱蓬在低资源竞争下占据萌发位点的能力。鉴于全球气候的快速变化，我们的研究结果为外来植物在入侵过程中的种子适应策略及相关机制提供了新的见解。
