Park Jae-Hyuk, Cho Han-Na, Lee Ik-Hyeong, Kang Se-Won
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
Department of Agricultural Life Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Nov 27;13(23):3326. doi: 10.3390/plants13233326.
This study aimed to produce livestock manure biochar to decrease environmental problems from livestock manure and evaluate its effectiveness as an organic fertilizer by examining the growth and nutrient use efficiency of crops. A plot experiment was conducted to investigate the characteristics of lettuce growth and nitrogen use efficiency in upland soils treated with cow manure biochar. The cow manure biochar was applied at rates of 0, 3, 5, 7, and 10 t ha (referred to as CMB0, CMB3, CMB5, CMB7, and CMB10, respectively), along with inorganic fertilizer (IF, NPK-200-59-12 kg ha). The lettuce cultivation test was carried out for 42 days, during which the fresh weight, dry weight, length, and number of lettuce leaves were measured. Nitrogen use efficiency was evaluated by determining the agronomic efficiency of N and the apparent recovery fraction of N. Overall, as the cow manure biochar application rate increased, crop growth and nitrogen uptake improved. Soils treated with CMB5 and CMB7 showed higher lettuce growth, nitrogen content, and nitrogen uptake compared to soils under other treatments. Nitrogen use efficiency followed a pattern similar to that of crop productivity, with cow manure biochar application levels playing a significant role. In particular, the agronomic efficiency of N and the apparent recovery fraction of N, which are both related to crop nutrient utilization, were significantly higher in the CMB5 treatment compared to the IF treatment. These results indicate that nitrogen use efficiency can be enhanced through biochar application when growing crops on agricultural land. Therefore, it is suggested that the appropriate application of cow manure biochar can reduce inorganic fertilizer use and increase crop productivity, thereby enabling sustainable and eco-friendly agriculture.
本研究旨在生产畜禽粪便生物炭以减少畜禽粪便带来的环境问题，并通过考察作物的生长和养分利用效率来评估其作为有机肥料的有效性。进行了一项小区试验，以研究在施用牛粪生物炭的旱地土壤中生菜的生长特性和氮素利用效率。牛粪生物炭的施用量分别为0、3、5、7和10 t/ha（分别称为CMB0、CMB3、CMB5、CMB7和CMB10），同时施用无机肥料（IF，NPK-200-59-12 kg/ha）。生菜种植试验进行了42天，在此期间测量了生菜的鲜重、干重、长度和叶片数量。通过测定氮素农学效率和氮素表观回收率来评估氮素利用效率。总体而言，随着牛粪生物炭施用量的增加，作物生长和氮素吸收得到改善。与其他处理的土壤相比，CMB5和CMB7处理的土壤上生菜生长、氮含量和氮素吸收更高。氮素利用效率与作物生产力呈现相似的模式，牛粪生物炭施用量起着重要作用。特别是，与IF处理相比，CMB5处理中与作物养分利用相关的氮素农学效率和氮素表观回收率显著更高。这些结果表明，在农田种植作物时，通过施用生物炭可以提高氮素利用效率。因此，建议适当施用牛粪生物炭可以减少无机肥料的使用并提高作物生产力，从而实现可持续和生态友好型农业。
