Dong Siqi, Bismark Asante-Badu, Li Songsong, Gao Qiang, Zhou Xue, Li Cuilan
Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in The Commodity Grain Bases of Jilin Province, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Dec 4;13(23):3407. doi: 10.3390/plants13233407.
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for maize growth, significantly affecting both yield and quality. Despite the typically high concentration of available P in black soils, the efficiency of crop uptake and utilization remains relatively low. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different P fertilizers on maize yield, root growth parameters, and P use efficiency to identify strategies for optimizing P management in black soil regions. Field experiment results indicated that the combination of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with other P fertilizers led to variations in yield and P fertilizer absorption efficiency. Various P fertilizers were tested, including diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), fused calcium magnesium phosphate (FCMP), a combination of DAP and FCMP (DAP+FCMP), and a control with no phosphate (CK). The results indicated that P application significantly increased maize yield, with APP (171.8 g/plant) outperforming other P application treatments. Different P fertilizer types significantly affect soil P content and the composition of P fractions. APP significantly increased both the total P (TP) and the proportion of inorganic P (Pi). Furthermore, APP application significantly improved root length (RL), surface area (SAR), and root activity (RA) compared to CK, leading to enhanced nutrient absorption. APP also significantly increased P uptake and utilization (REp, FPp, AEp, PHI, and PAC). In summary, by optimizing plant biomass and P uptake, APP can directly and indirectly influence maize yield. Improving rhizosphere properties through the selection of suitable fertilizer types can enhance fertilizer use efficiency and increase maize production.
磷（P）是玉米生长必需的养分，对产量和品质均有显著影响。尽管黑土中有效磷的含量通常较高，但作物吸收和利用效率仍然相对较低。本研究旨在评估不同磷肥对玉米产量、根系生长参数和磷利用效率的影响，以确定黑土区优化磷管理的策略。田间试验结果表明，聚磷酸铵（APP）与其他磷肥配施会导致产量和磷肥吸收效率的差异。试验测试了多种磷肥，包括磷酸二铵（DAP）、聚磷酸铵（APP）、钙镁磷肥（FCMP）、DAP与FCMP配施（DAP+FCMP）以及不施磷肥的对照（CK）。结果表明，施磷显著提高了玉米产量，其中APP处理（171.8 g/株）的产量高于其他施磷处理。不同类型的磷肥显著影响土壤磷含量和磷组分组成。APP显著提高了土壤全磷（TP）含量和无机磷（Pi）的比例。此外，与CK相比，APP处理显著增加了根长（RL）、根表面积（SAR）和根系活力（RA），从而增强了养分吸收。APP还显著提高了磷吸收和利用效率（REp、FPp、AEp、PHI和PAC）。综上所述，通过优化植株生物量和磷吸收，APP可以直接或间接地影响玉米产量。选择合适的肥料类型改善根际特性，可提高肥料利用效率并增加玉米产量。
