Bencivenni Silvia, Brigidi Patrizia, Zannoni Augusta, Ventrella Domenico, Elmi Alberto, Bacci Maria Laura, Forni Monica, D'Amico Federica, Turroni Silvia
Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 26;16(23):4060. doi: 10.3390/nu16234060.
Early gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis can affect a child's health and has been linked to the onset of pathologies later in life. Breast milk is recognized as a major driver of the structure and dynamics of an infant's GM. In addition to nutritious and prebiotic compounds, milk contains a microbiota that is shaped by several maternal factors, including gut microorganisms and medications. However, the impact of the latter on the milk microbiota is still largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of amoxicillin on the milk microbiota and GM of lactating Göttingen Minipigs sows, a promising model for studying medication transfer during lactation.
Three sows were given amoxicillin (7 mg/kg/day) for three weeks starting from the second week after farrowing. Fecal and milk samples were collected before and after treatment and profiled by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.
Göttingen Minipigs' milk microbiota showed similarities to that of humans and conventional sows, with minor compositional shifts after treatment. At the genus level, we observed a decrease in and , and an increasing trend in the abundance of , , , , and . In contrast, as expected, the GM was strongly affected by amoxicillin, even at the phylum level.
In addition to demonstrating the relevance of Göttingen Minipigs as a valid model for studying the impact of medications on maternal milk and GM, our findings suggest that the milk microbiota may be more stable during antibiotic treatment than the GM.
早期肠道微生物群（GM）失调会影响儿童健康，并与日后生活中疾病的发生有关。母乳被认为是婴儿GM结构和动态变化的主要驱动因素。除了营养和益生元化合物外，母乳中还含有一种微生物群，其受多种母体因素影响，包括肠道微生物和药物。然而，后者对母乳微生物群的影响仍 largely未知。在此，我们研究了阿莫西林对哺乳期哥廷根小型猪母猪的母乳微生物群和GM的影响，哥廷根小型猪是研究哺乳期药物转移的一个有前景的模型。
从分娩后第二周开始，给三头母猪连续三周每天服用阿莫西林（7毫克/千克）。在治疗前后收集粪便和乳汁样本，并通过16S rRNA扩增子测序进行分析。
哥廷根小型猪的母乳微生物群与人类和传统母猪的相似，治疗后组成有轻微变化。在属水平上，我们观察到 和 减少，而 、 、 、 和 的丰度有增加趋势。相比之下，正如预期的那样，GM受到阿莫西林的强烈影响，甚至在门水平上也是如此。
除了证明哥廷根小型猪作为研究药物对母乳和GM影响的有效模型的相关性外，我们的研究结果表明，在抗生素治疗期间，母乳微生物群可能比GM更稳定。
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