Niechciał Elżbieta, Wais Paulina, Bajtek Jan, Kędzia Andrzej
Department of Pediatric Diabetes, Clinical Auxology and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 27;16(23):4084. doi: 10.3390/nu16234084.
: Childhood obesity is an epidemic and a significant health concern all over the world. Several factors can influence excess weight gain, including eating behaviors, physical inactivity, and genetics. Children and adolescents with obesity have a four-times greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with their normal-weight peers. The management of obesity before the development of its comorbidities may prevent its escalation into significant medical and psychosocial problems. However, treatment options for obesity and T2D in youth remained limited for many years, and moreover, available drugs were characterized by low efficacy. The Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study showed that metformin in monotherapy failed in almost 52% of children with T2D, while adjuncts to rosiglitazone and lifestyle intervention failed in 38.6% and 46.6%, respectively. Recently approved antiobesity medications and/or bariatric surgery are revolutionizing the management of adolescents with obesity and T2D. This work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current treatment possibilities for childhood obesity and T2D. : An in-depth review of articles with evidence-based research from different countries discussing novel management options for adolescents with obesity and/or T2D was conducted in this review paper. : The new medications, such as SGLT2 receptor agonists and GLP-1 agonists, are highly effective in treating T2D in adolescents with obesity. : Based on the performed literature review, the recent approval of a novel generation of drugs seems to be the dawn of a new era in childhood obesity and T2D treatment.
儿童肥胖是一种流行病，是全球重大的健康问题。有几个因素会影响体重过度增加，包括饮食行为、缺乏身体活动和遗传因素。与体重正常的同龄人相比，肥胖的儿童和青少年患2型糖尿病（T2D）的风险要高四倍。在肥胖症合并症出现之前对其进行管理，可能会防止其升级为严重的医学和社会心理问题。然而，多年来青少年肥胖症和T2D的治疗选择仍然有限，此外，现有药物的特点是疗效低。青少年2型糖尿病治疗选择（TODAY）研究表明，二甲双胍单药治疗在几乎52%的T2D儿童中失败，而罗格列酮辅助治疗和生活方式干预的失败率分别为38.6%和46.6%。最近获批的抗肥胖药物和/或减肥手术正在彻底改变肥胖和T2D青少年的治疗方式。这项工作旨在全面概述儿童肥胖症和T2D目前的治疗可能性。：本综述文章对来自不同国家的具有循证研究的文章进行了深入回顾，这些文章讨论了肥胖和/或T2D青少年的新型管理选择。：新型药物，如SGLT2受体激动剂和GLP-1激动剂，在治疗肥胖青少年的T2D方面非常有效。：基于所进行的文献综述，新一代药物的近期获批似乎是儿童肥胖症和T2D治疗新时代的曙光。
