Lobato Tiago Bertola, Santos Elvirah Samantha de Sousa, Iser-Bem Patrícia Nancy, Falcão Henrique de Souza, Gimenes Gabriela Mandú, Pauferro Janaina Ribeiro Barbosa, Rodrigues Glayce Tavares, Correa Ilana Souza, Pereira Ana Carolina Gomes, Passos Maria Elizabeth Pereira, Borges João Carlos de Oliveira, Alves Amara Cassandra Dos Anjos, Santos Camila Soares Dos, Araújo Maria Janaina Leite de, Diniz Vinícius Leonardo Sousa, Levada-Pires Adriana Cristina, Pithon-Curi Tânia Cristina, Masi Laureane Nunes, Curi Rui, Hirabara Sandro Massao, Gorjão Renata
Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil.
National Commercial Learning Service (SENAC), São Paulo 01102-000, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 28;16(23):4106. doi: 10.3390/nu16234106.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats exhibit insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without obesity. This study explored the effects of ω-3 fatty acid supplementation on T lymphocyte polarization in Wistar (WT) and GK rats.
They were administered ω-3 fatty acid-rich fish oil (FO) containing eicosapentaenoic (540 mg/g) and docosahexaenoic acids (100 mg/g) by oral gavage at 2 g/kg, thrice a week for 8 weeks. The control groups (WT CT and GK CT) received the same volume of water. The following groups were investigated: GK CT, = 14; GK ω-3, = 15; Wistar CT, = 15; and Wistar ω-3, = 11. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests (GTT and ITT) were performed. Fasting plasma insulinemia and glycemia were measured. After euthanasia, the lymphocytes were extracted from the mesenteric lymph nodes.
The results showed that GK rats supplemented with FO had significantly improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (kITT). It also promoted greater polarization of lymphocytes toward T regulatory (Treg) features and a reduction in Th1 and Th17 profiles. Additionally, the GK ω-3 group exhibited lower cell proliferation, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased IL-10 levels compared to the GK control.
In conclusion, FO supplementation benefited GK rats by improving glucose intolerance, suppressing insulin resistance, and modulating lymphocytes toward Treg polarization.
背景/目的：Goto-Kakizaki（GK）大鼠表现出胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病（T2DM），但无肥胖。本研究探讨了补充ω-3脂肪酸对Wistar（WT）和GK大鼠T淋巴细胞极化的影响。
通过口服灌胃给予它们富含ω-3脂肪酸的鱼油（FO），其中含有二十碳五烯酸（540mg/g）和二十二碳六烯酸（100mg/g），剂量为2g/kg，每周三次，共8周。对照组（WT CT和GK CT）接受相同体积的水。研究了以下几组：GK CT，n = 14；GK ω-3，n = 15；Wistar CT，n = 15；和Wistar ω-3，n = 11。进行了葡萄糖和胰岛素耐量试验（GTT和ITT）。测量了空腹血浆胰岛素血症和血糖。安乐死后，从肠系膜淋巴结中提取淋巴细胞。
结果表明，补充FO的GK大鼠的葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素敏感性（kITT）显著改善。它还促进淋巴细胞向T调节（Treg）特征的更大极化，并减少Th1和Th17细胞谱。此外，与GK对照组相比，GK ω-3组的细胞增殖较低，促炎细胞因子减少，IL-10水平升高。
总之，补充FO通过改善葡萄糖不耐受、抑制胰岛素抵抗和调节淋巴细胞向Treg极化，使GK大鼠受益。
