Wang Minjia, Wu Shuya, Ma Qian, Hu Hao, Liu Yanpei, Wang Yaozheng, Zhan Shitao, Liu Dongsen, Girard Olivier
School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China.
The School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Front Physiol. 2024 Dec 2;15:1499587. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1499587. eCollection 2024.
As adolescent smoking rates rise, its impact on cognitive function has drawn greater attention. This study explores whether exercise can mitigate the negative effects of smoking on executive function in male college students.
Sixty male college students were divided into four groups (n = 15 each): sedentary smokers, sedentary nonsmokers, athletic smokers, and athletic nonsmokers. All participants completed the Eriksen flanker task, with prefrontal cortex activation measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. After the baseline test, all sedentary students engaged in 33 min of high-intensity interval training, followed by the same procedures as in the pre-test.
In the flanker task, college athletes exhibited superior executive function compared to sedentary students, with higher accuracy ( = 0.042), faster reaction times ( = 0.002), and more pronounced brain activation ( = 0.048). Post-exercise, reaction times improved significantly in sedentary groups ( < 0.05). Smoking impaired executive function both before and after exercise, with smokers showing lower accuracy ( < 0.001), slower reaction times ( < 0.001), and diminished brain activation ( < 0.001) compared to nonsmokers.
Engaging in acute aerobic exercise may improve executive function in sedentary smokers. Exercise may help mitigate smoking-related declines in executive function among college students.
随着青少年吸烟率上升，其对认知功能的影响受到了更多关注。本研究探讨运动是否可以减轻吸烟对男性大学生执行功能的负面影响。
60名男性大学生被分为四组（每组n = 15）：久坐不动的吸烟者、久坐不动的非吸烟者、爱运动的吸烟者和爱运动的非吸烟者。所有参与者完成了埃里克森侧翼任务，使用功能近红外光谱测量前额叶皮层的激活情况。在基线测试后，所有久坐的学生进行了33分钟的高强度间歇训练，随后进行与测试前相同的程序。
在侧翼任务中，大学生运动员相比久坐的学生表现出更优的执行功能，准确率更高（P = 0.042），反应时间更快（P = 0.002），大脑激活更明显（P = 0.048）。运动后，久坐组的反应时间显著改善（P < 0.05）。吸烟在运动前后均损害执行功能，与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者的准确率更低（P < 0.001），反应时间更慢（P < 0.001），大脑激活减弱（P < 0.001）。
进行急性有氧运动可能改善久坐吸烟者的执行功能。运动可能有助于减轻大学生中与吸烟相关的执行功能下降。
