Fano-Sizgorich Diego, Gribble Matthew O, Vásquez-Velásquez Cinthya, Ramírez-Atencio Claudio, Aguilar Julio, Wickliffe Jeffrey K, Lichtveld Maureen Y, Barr Dana B, Gonzales Gustavo F
Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Reproducción, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Facultad de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Department of Medicine, Division of Occupational, Environmental, and Climate Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
UCL Open Environ. 2024 Dec 6;6:e3146. doi: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.3146. eCollection 2024.
Arsenic exposure during pregnancy might affect foetal development. Arsenic metabolism may modulate the potential damage to the fetus. Tacna has the highest arsenic exposure levels in Peru. However, this region also has the highest birth weight in Peru. It is not known if arsenic exposure is affecting maternal-perinatal health in Tacna. This study aimed to evaluate the association between urinary arsenic metabolism and birth outcomes, specifically birth weight and gestational age at birth in Tacna, Peru. A prospective cohort study was conducted, involving 158 pregnant women in Tacna, Peru, during January-November 2019. Participants were enrolled in their second trimester and followed-up until birth. Urine samples were collected in the second and third trimesters. Urine samples were analysed for total arsenic concentration and its species. Generalised estimating equations analysis was used to evaluate the association of interest. Inter-differences in arsenic toxicokinetics, calculated with principal component analysis was included as an interaction term. Analysis was stratified by pregnancy trimester. The median total urinary arsenic concentration was 33.34 μg/L. Inorganic arsenic and dimethylarsinic acid were higher in the second trimester. Dimethylarsinic acid was the predominant component (84.78% of total urinary arsenic). No significant association was found between urinary arsenic exposure and birth weight or gestational age at birth. The association was not affected by arsenic metabolism. Stratified analyses by pregnancy trimester also showed no significant associations. Urinary arsenic was not associated with birth weight, and this null relationship remained unaffected by arsenic toxicokinetic differences reflected in urine.
孕期接触砷可能会影响胎儿发育。砷的代谢可能会调节对胎儿的潜在损害。塔克纳是秘鲁砷暴露水平最高的地区。然而，该地区也是秘鲁出生体重最高的地区。目前尚不清楚塔克纳的砷暴露是否正在影响孕产妇围产期健康。本研究旨在评估秘鲁塔克纳尿砷代谢与出生结局之间的关联，特别是出生体重和出生时的孕周。进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，在2019年1月至11月期间纳入了秘鲁塔克纳的158名孕妇。参与者在孕中期入组并随访至分娩。在孕中期和孕晚期收集尿液样本。分析尿液样本中的总砷浓度及其形态。使用广义估计方程分析来评估感兴趣的关联。通过主成分分析计算的砷毒代动力学的个体差异作为交互项纳入。分析按孕期进行分层。尿总砷浓度中位数为33.34μg/L。无机砷和二甲基砷酸在孕中期较高。二甲基砷酸是主要成分（占尿总砷的84.78%）。未发现尿砷暴露与出生体重或出生时的孕周之间存在显著关联。该关联不受砷代谢的影响。按孕期进行的分层分析也未显示出显著关联。尿砷与出生体重无关，这种零相关关系不受尿液中反映的砷毒代动力学差异的影响。
