Geng Xiaozhen, Wang Wenjun
Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Dec 3;15:1427550. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1427550. eCollection 2024.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines have been recommended for US adults aged ≥60 years for nearly one year. However, the extent of vaccination coverage and the factors influencing uptake remain underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate national and state-specific RSV vaccination coverage among US adults aged ≥60 years and to identify demographic and socioeconomic factors that influence vaccination uptake.
This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the US Census Household Pulse Survey, from January 9 to March 4, 2024, which included 49,322 adults aged ≥60 years. Participants self-reported their RSV vaccination status along with demographic and socioeconomic information. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with vaccination uptake.
As of March 4, 2024, RSV vaccination coverage among US adults aged ≥60 years was estimated at 22.2% (95% CI, 21.6%-22.7%). State-specific vaccination coverage ranged from 12.4% in Mississippi to 33.1% in Colorado. Coverage was higher in older age groups, with 21.2% among those aged 65-69 years, 28.1% among 70-74 years, 31.9% among 75-79 years, and 30.2% among those aged ≥80 years, compared to 10.8% among those aged 60-64 years. Racial/ethnicity disparities were evident, with lower coverage among Hispanics (18.3%) and non-Hispanic Blacks (17.6%) compared to non-Hispanic Whites (23.3%). Coverage was similar between males (22.6%) and females (21.8%). Factors positively associated with vaccination included older age, higher education level, higher household income, unemployment, and residing in the Midwest or West. Conversely, being non-Hispanic Black, uninsured, experiencing financial difficulties, and lack of COVID-19 vaccination were associated with reduced likelihood of receiving the RSV vaccine.
During the first RSV season after the recommendations for RSV vaccination in US adults aged ≥60 years, uptake shows promise but is marked by significant disparities related to race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic location. Efforts to address these disparities are crucial to enhance vaccination coverage and reduce the impact of RSV on this vulnerable population.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）疫苗已被推荐给美国60岁及以上的成年人使用近一年了。然而，疫苗接种覆盖率以及影响接种率的因素仍未得到充分研究。本研究旨在评估美国60岁及以上成年人的全国及各州RSV疫苗接种覆盖率，并确定影响疫苗接种率的人口统计学和社会经济因素。
这项横断面研究分析了2024年1月9日至3月4日美国人口普查家庭脉搏调查的数据，其中包括49322名60岁及以上的成年人。参与者自行报告他们的RSV疫苗接种状况以及人口统计学和社会经济信息。使用多变量泊松回归来确定与疫苗接种率相关的因素。
截至2024年3月4日，美国60岁及以上成年人的RSV疫苗接种覆盖率估计为22.2%（95%置信区间，21.6%-22.7%）。各州的疫苗接种覆盖率从密西西比州的12.4%到科罗拉多州的33.1%不等。年龄较大的年龄组接种率较高，65-69岁的人群中为21.2%，70-74岁的人群中为28.1%，75-79岁的人群中为31.9%，80岁及以上的人群中为30.2%，而60-64岁的人群中为10.8%。种族/民族差异明显，西班牙裔（18.3%）和非西班牙裔黑人（17.6%）的接种覆盖率低于非西班牙裔白人（23.3%）。男性（22.6%）和女性（21.8%）的接种覆盖率相似。与疫苗接种呈正相关的因素包括年龄较大、教育水平较高、家庭收入较高、失业以及居住在中西部或西部。相反，非西班牙裔黑人、未参保、面临经济困难以及未接种新冠疫苗与接种RSV疫苗的可能性降低有关。
在美国对60岁及以上成年人推荐接种RSV疫苗后的首个RSV季节，疫苗接种率显示出一定前景，但存在与种族/民族、社会经济地位和地理位置相关的显著差异。解决这些差异的努力对于提高疫苗接种覆盖率和减少RSV对这一弱势群体的影响至关重要。
