Gregorini Camilla, De Carli Pietro, Parolin Laura, Petilli Marco, Konvalinka Ivana, Preti Emanuele
Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova.
Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca.
Personal Disord. 2025 Mar;16(2):148-159. doi: 10.1037/per0000684. Epub 2024 Dec 19.
Interpersonal coordination processes facilitate interpersonal synchrony through a continuous mutual adaption and corepresentation of self and others' actions. Such a process has been found to enhance prosocial behaviors, affiliation, and trust. While research has investigated the general underlying cognitive and social mechanisms that facilitate interpersonal synchrony, much less is known about how interpersonal impairments influence it in various psychopathological conditions-such as borderline personality disorder (BPD). In this study, we investigated the role of the social cognitive processes of individuals with high BPD traits during a synchronized interaction task. Participants ( = 206) were recruited from the general population. BPD traits were assessed, and interpersonal synchrony was measured with a finger-tapping task. Participants were instructed to interact with a virtual partner (VP) that varied its adaptivity level in response to their taps across different conditions of adaptivity (α), ranging from nonadaptive to overly adaptive. After each interaction, the perception of synchrony and affect were assessed. Results showed an overall main significant effect of the adaptivity of the VP on interpersonal synchrony and the interaction experience, such that when VP adaptivity increased, asynchrony and perceived synchrony decreased. High levels of BPD traits were associated with higher asynchrony and variability, depending on the level of VP adaptivity, and an overall more negative perception of synchrony and affect. These findings show that high BPD traits are associated with reduced interpersonal synchrony during interaction. Consistent with these findings, interventions might consider the potential role of interpersonal synchrony in building the therapeutic relationship. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
人际协调过程通过自我与他人行为的持续相互适应和共同呈现来促进人际同步。已发现这样的过程能增强亲社会行为、归属感和信任。虽然研究已经探究了促进人际同步的一般潜在认知和社会机制，但对于人际障碍如何在各种精神病理状况（如边缘型人格障碍，BPD）中影响人际同步却知之甚少。在本研究中，我们调查了具有高BPD特质的个体在同步互动任务中的社会认知过程的作用。从普通人群中招募了参与者（N = 206）。评估了BPD特质，并用手指敲击任务测量了人际同步。参与者被指示与一个虚拟伙伴（VP）互动，该虚拟伙伴在不同的适应水平条件（α）下，根据他们的敲击改变其适应水平，范围从不适应到过度适应。每次互动后，评估同步感和情感。结果显示，VP的适应水平对人际同步和互动体验有总体上的主要显著影响，即当VP适应水平提高时，不同步和感知到的同步性降低。根据VP的适应水平，高水平的BPD特质与更高的不同步性和变异性相关，并且对同步和情感的总体负面感知更强。这些发现表明，高BPD特质与互动过程中人际同步性降低有关。与这些发现一致，干预措施可能需要考虑人际同步在建立治疗关系中的潜在作用。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2025美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
